Previous senior design projects have designed an alternative aerator system for a tilapia farm in Guatemala. Instead of using a pump to create bubbles, a water agitator was designed. Given that the cost of electricity is roughly 50% of the cost to produce tilapia, the need for this semester is to design and suggest alternative sources of energy (e.g., solar, wind, hydro energy). In addition, strategies to reduce the cost of energy (e.g., on/off cycling, demand analysis) are welcome. Finally, all these options must be evaluated through computer simulations or similar engineering analysis

George, Matt

Johnson, Luke

Ridler, Benjamin

English

Olivet Nazarene University

Olivet Nazarene University Digital Commons @ Olivet Student Scholarship – Engineering Engineering 4-15-2022 Fish Pond Aerator Energy Source Matt George Olivet Nazarene University, mattgeorge1965@gmail.com Luke Johnson Olivet Nazarene University Benjamin Ridler Olivet Nazarene University, bjridler@gmail.com Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.olivet.edu/engn_stsc  Part of the Engineering Commons Recommended Citation George, Matt; Johnson, Luke; and Ridler, Benjamin, "Fish Pond Aerator Energy Source" (2022). Student Scholarship – Engineering. 3. https://digitalcommons.olivet.edu/engn_stsc/3 This Presentation is brought to you for free and open access by the Engineering at Digital Commons @ Olivet. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Scholarship – Engineering by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Olivet. For more information, please contact digitalcommons@olivet.edu. Fish-Pond Aerator Design ShowcaseMatt George, Ben Ridler, Luke JohnsonFaculty Mentor: Aram AgajanianAcknowledgements• AgInno Intitute– Eric Johnson– Don Roe• Olivet Nazarene University– Dr. Aram Agajanian– Dr. Joe Schroeder– Kristie SchultzRoles• Matt George– Mechanical & electrical engineering– Project organizer/communication facilitator• Luke Johnson– Mechanical engineering– Focus on the mechanical aspects of re-designed prototype• Ben Ridler– Electrical & computer engineering– Focus on the electrical aspects of harvested energy for the aeratorOverview• Sponsor Background• Problem Description• Design Alternatives• Proposed Design• Final Detailed Design• Design Validation• Recommendations• QuestionsSponsor BackgroundAgInno Institute• Where: Chisec, Guatemala• What: Missions Organization focused in Agricultural Work– Tilapia Fish-PondsSponsor Background• AgInno Institute"...we are passionate about reaching people for Jesus by making real differences in their lives via improved and more healthy living conditions, access to water, improved agriculture techniques, and equipping them to provide food and income for themselves and their families." https://www.aginno.org/Problem Description• Previous Design Teams– Dense Tilapia fish-ponds resulted in depleted oxygen content– Previous teams designed an aerator to pump oxygen into the water– Aerator required too much power from the power gridProblem Description• Need Statement– Design an aerator system prototype that uses harvested energy and renewable energy to oxygenate the fish-pond– Harvested energy and renewable energy provides the possibility of monetary profit and community growthAerator Prototype used in GuatemalaAeratorAerator Creo ModelProblem Description• Design Objectives–  Efficiently Aerate the Pond • (SAE: [kg O2]/kWh)–  Operate Predominately from Harvested Energy • (hours of independent operation/day)–  Minimize Overhead Cost of Aerator–  Design w/ Readily Available Materials in Guatemala–  Withstand Environmental Conditions Problem Description• Functional Requirements– Aerate a Man-Made Tilapia Pond–  Harvest and Store Renewable Energy–  Float and Anchor in the Pond–  Run ContinuouslyProblem Description• Design Constraints–Maintain Aeration @ 0.5-0.7 mg O2/L– SAE ≥ 2  • (SAE: [kg O2]/kWh) – Operation Costs < Expected Returns– Components last a minimum of one harvesting season– Electrical components are protected for safetyDeliverables• A cheap and efficient design with detailed specifications• Reliable data, linked to prototype configuration• Report of electrical system (solar panels, battery, capacitor, all connections and seals)Verification & Test PlanOperation Requirement Testing Means Pass/FailAeration 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 0.7 mg O2/[L H2O] O2 meter Pass/FailSAE SAE > 2 [kg•O2/kWh] O2 meter/watt-meter Pass/FailEnergy Harvesting Exceeds required power capacity of aerator Watt-meter Pass/FailEnergy Storage Availability and cycle life Battery specifications Pass/FailAerator Buoyancy Aerator & paddle design visibly floats in pond Visual inspection Pass/FailAerator Anchoring Aerator is fixed in pond Visual inspection Pass/FailWeatherproof & RobustAerator system is weather/waterproof Demonstration Pass/FailAccessible Supplies Purchased/found in Guatemala Geographical Pass/FailCost Expenses < Profits Estimated Cost Analysis Pass/FailDesign Alternatives• Renewable EnergyWind Turbine Water Turbine Solar PanelDesign Selection• Renewable Energy Design MatrixScale: 1 to 31: Least preferred3: Most preferredDesign AlternativeSource AvailabilityEnergy Harvested CostEnergy Storage DurableMaterial AvailabilityTotalWeight 8 8 6 5 3 2Wind 1 3 1 2 2 1 56Running Water 1 2 3 2 1 2 59Solar 3 1 3 2 3 3 75Design Alternatives• Motor ConfigurationAC Motor DC MotorDesign Selection• AC/DC Motor Configuration Design matrixScale: 1 to 21: Least preferred2: Most preferredDesign Alternative CostMaterial Availability High Torque PrecisionDiverse OptionsTotalWeight 10 8 3 3 5AC Motor 2 2 2 1 2 55DC Motor 1 1 1 2 1 32Proposed DesignProposed Design• Renewable Energy Source: Solar• Motor Configuration: AC• Energy Storage: Lead Acid• Charge Controller: MPPT• AC Inverter: Pure SineCollecting DataCalculations•  Data CollectedLoadMeasured Aerator Power 200 WLoad Voltage AC (rms) 120 VLoad Current AC (rms) 1.667 ADaily Aerator Power Consumption 4800 WhAssumptionsInverter Conversion Efficiency 75%Charge Efficiency 90%Battery Nominal Voltage 12Operation Length w/ Sunlight 11.2 hOperation Length w/o Sunlight 12.8 hBattery min. SOC 30%Solar Panel Fudge Factor 15%Power SpecsBattery Capacity 406 AhSolar Panel Power 812 WFinal Design• Solar Panels– Quantity: 3– 275 W each– 825 W total; 812 W requiredFinal Design• Charge Controller– Quantity: 1–ML 2440Final Design• Batteries– Quantity: 2– 12 Volt each– 250 Ah each– 500 Ah total; 406 Ah requiredFinal Design• Power Inverter– Quantity: 1– OP: Pure Sine Wave– 24 V– 1000 WFinal Design• AC Motor Configuration– 1LPN9 Dayton 1/4 hp 120 RPM 115V Dayton AC Parallel Shaft Gear Motor Dayton Model (5K942)Final Design• Component BreakdownFinal Design*Not to scaleOperation Hours• Hours of daylight throughout the yearOperation HoursFull Night vs. Half NightWatts698 675 639 612 586 574 580 605 632 660 690 706460 448 430 417 404 398 401 414 427 441 456 464Full NightHalf NightJanuary February March April May June July August September October November December0100200300400500600700800Solar Panel Power ComparisonFull Night Half NightOperation HoursComponents Full Night Half NightRated Power Generation [W] 825 550System Voltage [V] 24 12Energy Storage Capacity [Ah] 500 250Maximum Output Power [W] 960 480Cost [USD] $1,977.96 $1,170.30Design ValidationOperation Requirement Testing Means Measurement Pass/FailAeration 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 0.7 mg O2/[L H2O]O2 meter To be completed Pass*SAE SAE > 2 [kg×O2/kWh]O2 meter/watt-meterTo be completed Pass*Energy HarvestingExceed aerator’s power capacity Watt-meter 825 W > 812 W PassEnergy StorageCapacity is greater than required minimumWatt-meter/battery specifications500 Ah > 406 Ah Pass*Measurement will not be completed before the end of the project, but it is expected the operation will pass its requirements. Design ValidationOperation Requirement Testing Means Measurement Pass/FailBuoyancyAerator and paddle floats in pondInspectionPVC piping withstood downward force of aeratorPassAerator PositionAerator fixed in pond Inspection To be completed Pass*Weatherproof/RobustWeatherproof and waterproof DemonstrationDid not make progress in improving the design’s weatherproofingFailAccessibilityComponents available in GuatemalaGeographical inspectionSolar energy components available in GuatemalaPass*Measurement will not be completed before the end of the project, but it is expected the operation will pass its requirements. Design ValidationOperation Requirement Testing Means Measurement Pass/FailCost Expenses < Profits Cost analysis $2,502.11 < $7,250.00 PassDurabilityComponent life cycle > one harvesting seasonInspection of component specificationsAll components last longer than one harvesting season (34 weeks)PassSafetyElectrical components protected from water shortingDemonstrationShielded high-power components with heat shrink and added fuses to the systemPassChallenges• Pool– Punctured multiple times– Keeping clean and empty when not in use• Available equipment in Guatemala – Finding what is available• Trip– Scheduling conflictsConclusion• Provision of Sustainable Energy– Aeration power not reliant on the grid– Possibility of alternate energy use• Aeration for Tilapia– Protein supplement– Economic stimulusRecommendations• Rust-free paddles– Other materials: PVC, nylon, aluminum– Coat the steel in Rust-oleum or other protective layer• Make a more robust design– Stronger coupling– Better bearing/support design• Go to Guatemala to build the final system and find final developmental dataQ&A• What questions do you have? Fish-Pond Aerator Energy Source (#2022-02)Aeration Operation RequirementMinimum Theoretical Aeration work time:12 Hours, 1 hour intervalsCost SummaryTable 5.4 Expected Costs of Entire SystemItem Description Quantity Cost (Per Unit) Total CostAC Motor ¼ HP, 120 RPM 1 $380 $380.00Capacitor 200µF, 125VAC 1 $12.70 $12.70Terminal RingsTERM RNG16-14G4-6ST 10PK1 $3.59 $3.59Bolt Fasteners Hillman Fasteners 2 $0.45 $0.90Power Cord Cord Power 16/3 SJT 6’ 1 $10.90 $10.90PVC Corner Piece3” 90 Degree PVC Elbow 4 $3.29 $13.16PVC Middle Piece3” Tee Schedule 40 2 $9.19 $18.38PVC Primer 8oz Purple Primer/Cleaner 1 $4.89 $4.89PVC Cement 8oz All Weather PVC Cement 1 $9.28 $9.283” PVC Piping 3” x 10’ Cell Core PVC Pipe 2 $26.82 $53.64Driveshaft CouplingRigid Coupling, ¾” bore, 1 ½” OD, 2” length, 5/16-18 x 3/8 Set Screw1 $14.67 $14.67Solar Panel 275-Watt Rating 3 $171.65 $514.95Battery 12 Volt – 250 Ah 2 $568 $1,136.00AC/DC Inverter 24 Volt OP – 1000 Watt 1 $167 $167.00Charge ControllerML2440 1 $160 $160.00      Total $2,500.06

Fish Pond Aerator Energy Source

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Fish Pond Aerator Energy Source

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