In the economic development of medieval Mesopotamia, the 10th century was a decisive period, in addition to the process of evolution, the foreign domination of the Buwaihids opened the door to manifold changes and innovations. For the first time, the fief system was militarized; uncanonical taxes multiplied; currency depreciation was resorted to as a financial expedient; banking reached full development; an influential capitalist class came into prominence; and the Labour Movement was organized. This branch of Arabic history has been least studied; and this work is an attempt to throw some light on a complex life in an obscure, yet important period
