George, Andrew

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Babylonian Literary Texts in the Sch™yen Collection, Nos. 18 and 19 – No. 18, A Tablet of Legal Prescriptions: Klaas Veenhof has generously alerted me to two much better readings, ú-pi-¿u-ú and ú-pi-i¿-¿[u] in ll. 13 and 23, both from pu¿¿um “to exchange” rather than uwwûm; and i-te!-pu-u· in l. 17, “he makes (the vacant plot into a building)”.  No. 19, formerly catalogued as a mathematical tablet, was only discovered not to be so as BLT was in press, and published in haste as a Tablet of Riddles. A more leisurely treatment would have led to a different generic ascription, for the text shares vocabulary and phrasing with a spell about a scorpion that survives on an Old Babylonian tablet from Mari published by A. Cavigneaux, “Magica mariana”, RA 88 (1994) 155–61. That text reports the scorpion’s proclivity for lurking in lavatories (obv. 6): ul-da-a·-·u a-su-ru-um na-a·-pa-ar mu-ti?!-[im] “a drain produced it, the envoy of death”. Correspondingly, ll. 2–4 of No. 19 can be read: ú-ul-da-·u-ma! a-sú-ru-um ge6-e·-pa!-ar pu-ti-im “a drain produced it, the snare-headed one”. The phrase ge·par p‚tim, literally “forehead-snare”, is phonetically similar to the Mari tablet’s less fanciful na·par m‚tim and probably derived from it by inadvertent corruption or deliberate adaptation. Both phrases are rhetorical expressions for the scorpion, one alluding to the lethal effect of its sting, the other to the two pincers that pin down its prey. The snare is qualified by p‚tum “forehead” because a scorpion’s pincers (Akk. qarn®n “horns”) seem to sprout from its body where a head should be, as both spells aver (No. 19: 1 // 5–6 // Mari obv. 8): qarn¬ ¬·u qaqqadam ul ¬·u “it has ‘horns’ but no head”.  For ge6 as a phonetic value of the sign MI in the OB period, see No. 5: 28, ¿ur-sa-gi6. Both instances of the usage are faithful to the presence of /ñg/ in the Sumerian loanword, resp. ñgi·.pàr “snare” > ñge·parrum and ¿ur.sañg “mountain range” > ¿urs®ñgum. Comparable spellings of the nominative pl. of the latter word occur in OB Anzû II 55 and 79: ¿ur-sag-gu10(MU) = ¿urs®ñg‚. Alternatively read mé-e·-pa-ar and posit me·parrum as a phonetic variant of gi·parrum < ñgi·.pàr; compare the SB doublets gi·(n)immaru : mi·(n)immaru < ñgi·.nimbar “date-palm”, giparru : miparru < ñgi6.pàr “private chamber”. A. R. GEORGE (09-10-2009) ag5@soas.ac.uk SOAS, Thornhaugh St, Londres WC1H 0XG, Angleterre 

Babylonian Literary Texts in the Schøyen Collection, Nos. 18 and 19

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