Doran (nee Udovikova), Olena

McGivan, J. D.

Whittington, F. M.

Wood, J. D.

English

UWE Bristol Research Repository

186Relationships between skatole and androstenone in Large White and Meishan pigsF.W. Whittington1, E.Doran2, J.D. McGivan2 and J.D. Wood11Division of Food Animal Science, School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU2Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TDIntroduction  Boar taint is an offensive odour and flavour in the meat from some (perhaps 0.05) entire male pigs.  Itoccurs when high concentrations of skatole and androstenone are reached in fat tissue.  Boar taint is more common insome breeds than others and as part of an investigation into its genetic basis (Doran et al.,  2001), we have studiedskatole, androstenone and testosterone relationships in Large White and Meishan cross bred pigs.Materials and Methods   Approximately 90 entire male pigs were used, either Large White x Landrace (LW) orMeishan x Landrace (M).  They were fed a standard concentrate feed  containing 14MJDE and 10g lysine/kg for thetime taken for the LW to reach 100kg live weight.  Both breeds were therefore the same age at slaughter.  Blood plasmaand liver samples were obtained at slaughter and backfat samples one day latter.  Plasma testosterone and androstenone,backfat skatole and androstenone and liver skatole concentrations were measured by HRGC using the proceduresdescribed in Doran et al (2000) and Wiseman et al (1999).Results  LW were heavier than M of the same age (77.5 vs 63.7 kg carcass weight + 0.97 SEM) yet had thinner backfat(11.5 vs 14.6mm P2 fat thickness + 0.85 SEM).  Skatole and androstenone concentrations in backfat were much greaterin M as was liver skatole although this difference was smaller than in backfat.  Plasma testosterone and androstenonewere significantly higher in M.  Figure 1 shows a curvilinear relationship between androstenone and skatole with valueson the steeply ascending part of the curve being predominantly LW.  A plot of log skatole against androstenone showsthat the 2 breeds can be considered as a continuum, with low values for both compounds in LW and high values in M.Table 1.  Backfat and liver skatole and androstenone (mg/kg + SEM) and plasma androstenone and testosterone(nmoles/l+ SEM)Backfat Liver Plasmaskatole androstenone skatole androstenone testosteroneLW 0.125 (0.024) 0.808 (0.033) 0.048 (0.004) 25.0 (5.57) 20.4 (2.06)M 0.616 (0.092) 1.225 (0.050) 0.072 (0.015) 36.7 (7.60) 26.5 (2.42)Signif. *** *** *** * ***Conclusions  In our earlier paper we showed that Meishan cross pigs had higher skatole concentrations in backfat thanLarge Whites (Doran et al, 2001).  These results show Meishans also have higher concentrations of both testosteroneand androstenone and raise the possibility of an interaction between these compounds in the overall control of boartaint.Figure 1. Skatole and androstenone concentrations inbackfat32100.00.51.01.52.02.5Large WhiteMeishanskatoleandrostenoneFigure 2. Log skatole and androstenoneconcentrations in backfat.10-1-2-3-40.51.52.5Large WhiteMeishanlogskatoleandrostenoneReferences   Doran, E., Whittington, F., Wood, J.D. and McGivan, J.D.  2001.  The role of P45011E1 protein andmRNA expression in determining adipose tissue skatole level.  Proceedings British Society of Animal Science p74.Wiseman, J., Redshaw, M.S., Jagger, S., Nute, G.R., Whittington, F.W. and Wood, J.D.  1999.  Influence of type anddietary rate of inclusion of non-starch polysaccharides on skatole content and meat quality of finishing pigs.  AnimalScience, 69, 123-133.Acknowledgements  This work was funded by MLC and the Danish National Committee for Pigs.

Relationship between skatole and androstenone in Large White and Meishan pigs

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Relationship between skatole and androstenone in Large White and Meishan pigs

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