Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) is dynamic in nature since neural activities constantly change over the time and are dominated by repeating brief activations and deactivations involving many brain regions. Each region participates in multiple brain functions and is part of various functionally distinct but spatially overlapping networks. Functional connectivity computed as correlations over the entire time series always overlooks inter-region interactions that often occur repeatedly and dynamically in time, limiting its application to disease diagnosis
