To enable discussion of all aspects of emerging virus infections,
an Emerging Viruses meeting was held at the University of
Nottingham, UK, on 27–29 July 2015. Given the success of this
meeting, a second meeting was organised, now called ‘Emerging
Viruses of Zoonotic and Veterinary Importance’, at Churchill
College, Cambridge, UK, on 24–26 July 2017 to encourage
discussion of emerging virus infections from a One Health
perspective.Newnham College, Cambridg

Blacklaws, BA

Daly, JM

Blacklaws, B.A.

Daly, J.M.

Nottingham eTheses

                             Elsevier Editorial System(tm) for The Veterinary Journal                                   Manuscript Draft   Manuscript Number:   Title: Emerging viruses of zoonotic and veterinary importance   Article Type: Guest editorial  Corresponding Author: Dr. Janet Daly,   Corresponding Author's Institution: University of Nottingham  First Author: Barbara Blacklaws  Order of Authors: Barbara Blacklaws; Janet Daly       Guest Editorial 1  2  3 Emerging viruses of zoonotic and veterinary importance 4  5 To enable discussion of all aspects of emerging virus infections, we held an 6 Emerging Virus meeting at the University of Nottingham in 2015. Given the success of 7 this meeting, we held the second meeting, now called ‘Emerging Viruses of Zoonotic and 8 Veterinary Importance’, in Churchill College, Cambridge in July 2017 to encourage 9 discussion of emerging virus infections from a One Health perspective. Infectious disease 10 not only affects human health, but has an impact on the stability of food production and 11 the survival of wild species. This is formulated in the One Health approach to infectious 12 disease, where the possibility of infectious agent movement between species, including 13 humans, is key.  Whilst a major driver of emerging virus disease research is public health 14 concern over zoonotic infections, there are also veterinary drivers for emerging viral 15 diseases; such diseases may have devastating effects on wildlife populations, affecting 16 the ability of these populations to withstand the global environmental changes we are 17 causing; they may be diseases of production animals, affecting food production efficiency 18 and the ability to trade; and finally they may affect domestic pet animals, causing welfare 19 issues and increased costs to owners. The articles in this special issue of The Veterinary 20 Journal reflect some of the content of the meeting (http://emerging-viruses.uk/). 21  22 There is an increasing focus on emerging diseases fuelled by the human Ebola 23 virus epidemic and Zika virus emergence. These reflect a more public face of disease 24 spread than is seen in the veterinary world; here, recent intrusions of notifiable viral 25 diseases into Europe and Russia alone include lumpy skin disease, peste des petits 26 ManuscriptClick here to view linked Referencesruminants, bluetongue, avian influenza and Newcastle disease. In this issue, we have 27 papers focussing on the emergence and re-emergence of Schmallenberg virus (McGowan 28 et al., 2018; Stavrou et al., 2017) and African Swine fever virus (Sanchez-Cordon et al., 29 2018). The continued surveillance of both wildlife (Bodewes, 2018) and domestic 30 animals, including both livestock (Bourret, 2018) and companion animals (Caddy, 2018), 31 to identify novel viruses is particularly important in understanding the sources and risks 32 of viruses affecting the health of animals and humans. A greater understanding of virus 33 replication and pathogenesis and transmission of the viruses allows intervention strategies 34 to be formulated including development of vaccines and antiviral treatments. 35 Understanding of replication of Zika virus is exemplified by the paper by Royle et al. 36 (2017), whilst the review by Pusterla et al. (2018) summarises what is known about a 37 novel coronavirus of horses.  38  39 With globalisation of human movement, increased density of human populations, 40 climate change and loss of natural habitats, there is increased risk of interaction between 41 species, and within species. This allows the emergence of infectious diseases by 42 increased contact and cross-species transmission, as well as movement of infectious 43 agents into geographic regions where they have not been found before. These types of 44 drivers are discussed in the review by Heffernan (2018), whilst the potential for spill-over 45 between different hosts is highlighted in the systematic literature search by Glennon et al. 46 (2018).   47  48 We would like to thank the authors and reviewers of the papers in this special 49 issue. We are also grateful to Dr Adrian Philbey, co-editor in chief, for his support during 50 the compilation of the issue. With the accelerating changes in our world, emerging viral 51 infections will continue to be an important issue for human and veterinary health. We 52 look forward to further meetings and discussions on this topic at the next meeting, which 53 is planned to take place at the University of Surrey in 2019. 54  55 Barbara Blacklaws 56 Department of Veterinary Medicine 57 University of Cambridge 58 Madingley Road 59 Cambridge, CB3 OES, UK 60 E-mail address: bab2@cam.ac.uk 61  62 Janet M. Daly 63 School of Veterinary Medicine & Science 64 University of Nottingham 65 Sutton Bonington Campus 66 LE12 5RD, UK 67 E-mail address: janet.daly@nottingham.ac.uk 68  69  70 References 71  72 Bodewes, R., 2018. Novel viruses in birds: Flying through the roof or is a cage needed? 73 The Veterinary Journal Setters to insert doi number 74  75 Bourret, V., 2018. Avian influenza viruses in swine: an overview. The Veterinary Journal 76 Setters to insert doi number 77  78 Caddy, S.L., 2018. New viruses associated with canine gastroenteritis. The Veterinary 79 Journal Setters to insert doi number 80  81 Glennon, E.E., Restif, O., Riesle Sbarbaro, S., Garnier, R., Cunningham, A.A., Suu-Ire, 82 R.D., Osei-Amponsah, R., Wood, J.L.N., Peel, A.J., 2018. Domesticated animals as 83 hosts of henipaviruses and filoviruses: A systematic review. The Veterinary Journal 84 Setters to insert doi number 85  86 Heffernan, C., 2018. Climate change and multiple emerging infectious disease. The 87 Veterinary Journal Setters to insert doi number 88  89 McGowan, S.L., La Rocca, S.A., Grierson, S.S., Dastjerdi, A., Choudhury, B., Steinbach, 90 F., 2018. Schmallenberg virus incursion in Great Britain 2011 and emergence of 91 variant strains in 2016. The Veterinary Journal Setters to insert doi number 92  93 Pusterla, N., Vin, R., Leutenegger, C.M., Mittel, L.D., Divers, T.J., 2018. Enteric 94 coronavirus infection in adult horses. The Veterinary Journal Setters to insert doi 95 number 96  97 Royle, J., Donald, C.L., Merits, A., Kohl, A., Varjak, M., 2017. Differential effects of 98 lipid biosynthesis inhibitors on Zika and Semliki Forest viruses. The Veterinary 99 Journal 230, 62-64. 100  101 Sanchez-Cordon, P.J., Montoya, M., Reis, A.L., Dixon, L.K., 2018. African swine fever: 102 A re-emerging viral disease threatening the global pork industry. The Veterinary 103 Journal Setters to insert doi number 104  105 Stavrou, A., Daly, J.M., Maddison, B., Gough, K., Tarlinton, R., 2017. How is Europe 106 positioned for a re-emergence of Schmallenberg virus? The Veterinary Journal 230, 107 45-51. 108 

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