Purpose：We conducted a 2-year follow-up study on falls and related causes experienced by localregion, independent elderly citizens． Method：We analyzed a total of 533 subjects, all independent elderly citizens living in Kameoka City in Kyoto Prefecture who participated in both the 2011 Everyday Life Sphere Needs Assessment and the 2013 Physical Strength Measurements studies． Our study focused on the 25 items included as basic attributes in the 2011 Everyday Life Sphere Needs Assessment．After performing an analysis of the relationships between gender, age, and fall experience, we employed the existence of falls as a subordinate variable, age as a covariant, and each of the 25 basic-attribute items as independent variables in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to grasp the causes related to falls． Furthermore, we used 7 determinate items and a batch-input logistic regression analysis method to analyze the effect of an independent life style on falls． Results：In the 2-year follow-up study, 35.5% of the subjects experienced at least one fall．The age of the subjects experiencing falls was slightly higher in the female group, compared with the males, but no significant difference was demonstrated．A significant difference was demonstrated in the ratio of falls in the highly-aged elderly group, compared with the lower-aged elderly group． In regard to the relationship between falls and each of the determinate items, in the male group, significant differences were demonstrated for motility, oral functions, memory lapses, and the tendency for depression, and especially the motility function showed a strong causal relationship, even with suppression of the other causes． In the female group, a significant relationship was demonstrated between subjects with a tendency for depression and subjects with a high instrumental activities of daily living index, and with suppression of the other causes in the analysis, a significant relationship was demonstrated between subjects with a low oral function index and a high instrumental activities of daily living index． Conclusion：It was suggested that even the independent elderly citizens were predisposed to fall down by aging． In addition, sex deference of factor related to falls was observed, and thus sexspecific support policy for fall prevention that considered a characteristic and a background by sex is necessary． 目的：地域在住の自立高齢者を対象に2 年間の追跡調査を行い，転倒経験の有無とその関連要因を分析した。 方法：京都府亀岡市在住の自立高齢者で，2011 年の日常生活圏域ニーズ調査と2013 年の体力測定の両方に参加した533 人について分析した。調査内容は，基本属性の他，日常生活圏域ニーズ調査25項目を用いて，①運動機能，②低栄養，③口腔機能，④閉じこもり，⑤物忘れ，⑥うつ傾向，⑦手段的日常生活動作（IADL）の7 つの判定項目を設定した。分析は，性，年齢と転倒経験との関連を分析した後，転倒有無を従属変数，年齢を共変量，各判定項目それぞれを独立変数とするロジスティック回帰分析により転倒に関連する要因を把握した。また，7 つの判定項目を一括投入するロジスティック回帰分析により転倒への独立した影響を分析した。 結果：追跡2年間において，少なくとも1回以上転倒のあった者は35.5%であった。女性は男性より転倒した者がやや高率であったが有意差はなく，後期高齢者は前期高齢者より有意に高率であった。転倒と各判定項目との関連は，男性では，運動機能，口腔機能，物忘れ，うつ傾向において有意差がみられ，とくに運動機能は，他の要因の影響を調整しても強い関連を示した。女性では，うつ傾向とIADLの高い者に有意な関連がみられ，他の要因の影響を調整した分析では口腔機能の低い者，IADL の高い者に有意な関連がみられた。 考察：地域在住の自立した高齢者であっても，加齢により転倒しやすくなることが示唆された。また，転倒に関連する要因において，男性と女性とで異なった様相を呈し，性による特性や背景を考慮した転倒予防対策が必要であると推察された。原
