Stocks, Joanne

Valdes, Ana M.

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8 • Nutrition and Aging Joanne Stocks PhD 123, Ana M Valdes PhD123 1NIHR Nottingham BRC, UK 2Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK 3Division of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK  A meta-analysis of the effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on walking speed and inflammatory markers in older healthy adults  Background: Frailty is a complex phenomenon, highly correlated with a reduction in mobility along with progressive loss of skeletal muscle strength, mass and function. Dietary supplementation of fish derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have shown to have a beneficial effect on skeletal muscle mass and strength. PUFAs are of particular interest in the context of frailty, given their well-known anti-inflammatory role and the consensus of an inflammatory contribution to frailty, with differences in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines between frail and non-frail elderly having been reported. Objective: To examine the effect of dietary omega-3 supplementation on frailty traits and associated biomarkers in medically stable older adults.  Methods: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials studying omega-3 PUFA supplementation in older, medically stable people, published up to October 2017 was carried out in 5 databases. The results were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis with standardised mean differences. This study has been registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42017080240). Results: 13 studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria but not all frailty traits or associated biomarkers were measured in all studies.  In 4 studies that analysed 236 patients, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation was associated with a significant improvement in walking speed with a pooled effect size of 0.28 (95% CI, 0.00, 0.55; P= 0.05). A significant lowering effect was observed for C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in 5 trials of 310 patients with a pooled effect size of -0.62 (95% CI,-1.14, -0.10; P = 0.02). The pooled effect sizes for the inflammatory cytokines TNFα (5 trials; n=168), was -0.36 (95% CI, -1.09, 0.36; P=0.33), and for IL-6 (5 trials; n= 187), was -0.08 (95% CI, -0.62, 0.47; P=0.78) and were not found to be significant. Conclusion These results suggest that dietary omega-3 supplementation may have a beneficial effect on medically stable older people by improving walking speed and reducing some markers of systemic chronic inflammation. 

A meta-analysis of the effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on walking speed and inflammatory markers in older healthy adults

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Stocks, Joanne and Valdes, Ana M. (2018) A meta-analysis of the effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on walking speed and inflammatory markers in older healthy adults. Journal of Frailty & Aging, 7 (1). p. 148. ISSN 2273-4309 Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50685/1/Frailty%20%20Sarcopenia%20Congress%20Abstract.pdfCopyright and reuse: The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions.This article is made available under the University of Nottingham End User licence and may be reused according to the conditions of the licence.  For more details see: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/end_user_agreement.pdfA note on versions: The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.uk8 • Nutrition and Aging Joanne Stocks PhD 123, Ana M Valdes PhD123 1NIHR Nottingham BRC, UK 2Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK 3Division of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK  A meta-analysis of the effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on walking speed and inflammatory markers in older healthy adults  Background: Frailty is a complex phenomenon, highly correlated with a reduction in mobility along with progressive loss of skeletal muscle strength, mass and function. Dietary supplementation of fish derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have shown to have a beneficial effect on skeletal muscle mass and strength. PUFAs are of particular interest in the context of frailty, given their well-known anti-inflammatory role and the consensus of an inflammatory contribution to frailty, with differences in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines between frail and non-frail elderly having been reported. Objective: To examine the effect of dietary omega-3 supplementation on frailty traits and associated biomarkers in medically stable older adults.  Methods: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials studying omega-3 PUFA supplementation in older, medically stable people, published up to October 2017 was carried out in 5 databases. The results were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis with standardised mean differences. This study has been registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42017080240). Results: 13 studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria but not all frailty traits or associated biomarkers were measured in all studies.  In 4 studies that analysed 236 patients, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation was associated with a significant improvement in walking speed with a pooled effect size of 0.28 (95% CI, 0.00, 0.55; P= 0.05). A significant lowering effect was observed for C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in 5 trials of 310 patients with a pooled effect size of -0.62 (95% CI,-1.14, -0.10; P = 0.02). The pooled effect sizes for the inflammatory cytokines TNFα (5 trials; n=168), was -0.36 (95% CI, -1.09, 0.36; P=0.33), and for IL-6 (5 trials; n= 187), was -0.08 (95% CI, -0.62, 0.47; P=0.78) and were not found to be significant. Conclusion These results suggest that dietary omega-3 supplementation may have a beneficial effect on medically stable older people by improving walking speed and reducing some markers of systemic chronic inflammation. 

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A meta-analysis of the effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on walking speed and inflammatory markers in older healthy adults

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