The use of high-speed electrical machines and drives is in continuous evolution for a number of engineering applications, including electrical spindles for milling cutters and grinding, turbochargers, electrical turbo-compounding systems, aeroengine spools, helicopter and racing engines, and fuel pumps. The academic and industrial interests in this topic are growing very fast, pushing their research toward improvements in the involved technologies with a significant impact in many application areas. One of the main advantages of high-speed machines and drives is the reduction of system weight for a given power conversion. This is particularly desirable in all transportation applications where a weight reduction directly results in reduced fuel consumption and emissions. The electric transportation system is one of main topics with a significant push for advancing high-speed technologie

Boglietti, Aldo

Cavagnino, Andrea

Gerada, C.

Nottingham eTheses

Special section on high speed electrical machines and drives

The use of high-speed electrical machines and drives is in continuous evolution for a number of engineering applications, including electrical spindles for milling cutters and grinding, turbochargers, electrical turbo-compounding systems, aeroengine spools, helicopter and racing engines, and fuel pumps. The academic and industrial interests in this topic are growing very fast, pushing their research toward improvements in the involved technologies with a significant impact in many application areas. One of the main advantages of high-speed machines and drives is the reduction of system weight for a given power conversion. This is particularly desirable in all transportation applications where a weight reduction directly results in reduced fuel consumption and emissions. The electric transportation system is one of main topics with a significant push for advancing high-speed technologies

BOGLIETTI, Aldo

CAVAGNINO, ANDREA

C. Gerada

PORTO@iris (Publications Open Repository TOrino - Politecnico di Torino)

High-speed electrical machines and drives

Nottingham ePrints

Boglietti, Aldo and Gerada, C. and Cavagnino, Andrea (2013) Special section on high speed electrical machines and drives. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61 (6). pp. 2943-2945. ISSN 1557-9948 Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37666/1/Special%20Section%20on%20High%20Speed%20Electrical%20Machines%20and%20Drives.pdfCopyright and reuse: The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions.This article is made available under the University of Nottingham End User licence and may be reused according to the conditions of the licence.  For more details see: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/end_user_agreement.pdfA note on versions: The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.ukSpecial Section on High Speed Electrical Machines and Drives Guest Editorial  The use of high speed electrical machines and drives is in continuous evolution for a number of engineering applications, including electrical spindles for milling cutters and grinding, turbochargers, electrical turbo-compounding systems, aero-engine spools, helicopter engines, racing engines and fuel pumps. These application have a typical operational speeds over 10,000 rpm and 𝑅𝑃𝑀√𝑘𝑊 specific indexes in excess of 105. Applications with maximum speed up to 150,000 - 200,000 rpm are now under consideration with the first experimental realizations ready.  The academic and industrial interests in this topic are growning very fast pushing their researches towards  improvements in the involved technologies with a significant impact in many application areas. One of the main advantages of high speed machines and drives is the reduction of system weight for a given power conversion. This is especially desirable in all transportation applications where a weight reduction results directly in reduced fuel consumption and emissions.  The more electric transportation systems are one of main topics of a significant push for advancing high speed technologies. A second reason in adopting high speed machines in certain applications is the improvement in reliability due to the elimination of intermediate gearing, such as high speed direct drives.  The previous considerations have pushed the Guest Editors to propose to the  Transactions on Industrial Electronics Editors this Special Sections on High speed electrical machines and drives. The Special Section was fully approved and it got a strong interest in Electrical Machine and Drives researchers community. The Special Section received 53 papers to be submitted at the peer review. Among these papers, only 19 ones have been accepted for publication.  All the accepted papers include strong experimental activities to validate the proposed solutions. The accepted papers now represent a milestone for the researchers interested on the Special Section  topics.  The Special Section starts with a paper presented by high speed machines specialists from Cummins together with the Guest Editors concerning the State of Art of the High Speed Electrical Machines and Drives [1]. In this paper a reviews of the current technologies used in high speed electrical machines applications is discussed through an extensive survey of different topologies developed and built in industry as well as in academia. In addition, the developments in materials and components including electrical steels and copper alloys are reported too. The other 18 accepted papers have been grouped in several parts taking into account their main topics.  The first part concerns the presentation of novel motor topologies. In fact, in order to cope with the load request, high speed electrical machine applications often require innovative electromagnetic structure and the three papers present very interesting novel and innovative machine structures. The first paper, by A. Tuysuz and others , presents a novel motor topology with a lateral stator useful for drilling applications where the space in the tool head is limited [2]. The stator of the motor grows in one lateral direction, allowing for a compact direct drive design. The second paper, by J. Ikaheimo and others, discusses of a new type of synchronous reluctance rotor with a mechanical robust structure [3]. The two pole rotor design incorporates soft magnetic flux guides inside a non-magnetic matrix material. The third paper, by B. Gaussens and others, deals with new topology of Hybrid Excited Flux-Switching Machine (HE FSM) with excitation coils located in stator slots or inner DC windings [4]. The high speed electrical machines and drives are enlarging the field of application where the direct drives are adopted instead of the classical lower speed drive connected to mechanical gears. As a consequence, in order to better understand the new application performance requirements, a presentation of the innovative application areas driving the development of high speed machines and drives has been included too. For this reason, the second part deals with four interesting applications of high speed electrical machines and drives. The first paper. by J. Sloupensky and other. presents an interesting high-speed drive and frictionless suspension system for textile applications [5]. The new rotor spinning unit is an innovative textile technology potentially leading to higher productivity, reduced power consumption and dust deposit. The second paper, by L. Solero and others, discusses a solutions for developing a direct coupled electric drive to be used in combination with a radial turbo-expander for exhausts energy recovery in automotive applications [6]. The high speed machines and drives play an important role in automotive applications and the third paper, by J. Abrahamsson and others, is on that topic again[ 7]. The paper is concerning the design and optimization of a 30,000 rpm kinetic energy storage system. The device is used as an energy buffer storing up to 870Wh, in urban vehicles. The fourth paper, by A. Tenconi and others, is concerning high speed machines used in Electrical spindles [8]. The paper summarizes and discusses the electrical and mechanical aspects involved in the high speed machine design, highlighting the main problems and the trade-offs that the designer must consider. Correlation between volume reduction and the speed increase, based on commercial high-frequency rotor-stator units, is discussed as well.  The design of high speed machines represents a challenge from the electromagnetic and mechanical point of view. The high supply frequencies lead to an increase both of the iron losses in the stator laminations and of the additional losses in the winding due to the skin effects.  For the previous reasons, the third part groups 6 papers concerning the electromagnetic design of high speed electrical machines. The first paper, by H. Qiu and others, discusses the use of rotor sleeve and their influence on the electromagnetic characteristics [9]. The analysis is carried out on a super high speed permanent magnet generator. The second paper, by D. Gonzales and D. Saban, studies copper losses in a 5.0 MW, high-speed permanent-magnet machine designed with form-wound winding [10]. In particular, the impact of the slot configuration on the proximity effect is analyzed considering open and semi-closed slots. The third paper, by M. Dems and K. Komeza, analyzes the use amorphous laminations small induction motor stator core with  high frequency supply [11]. The fourth papers by, H. Qiu and others, presents a super high speed permanent magnet generator which has an alloy sleeve on the rotor outer surface [12]. The sleeve used to fix the permanent magnets and protect them from being destroyed by the large centrifugal force influence the rotor eddy current losses generated in the alloy rotor sleeve, increasing the machine temperature. The fifth paper, by M. Van der Geest and others, deals with a simple and  flexible method to estimate stator parasitic effects, such as skin and proximity effects producing uneven distribution of the currents across the winding strands and additional circulating currents [13]. The last paper, of this part, by L. Papini and others, is about the design of a high speed permanent magnet motor to be used in fault tolerant operation [14]. A multidisciplinary approach to the optimal design of the machine is adopted minimizing the additional losses resulting from faulty operating conditions and accounting for the remedial control strategy. From the mechanical point of view, the high rotational speeds bring into play problems concerning the mechanical stresses due the peripheral speed and the right selection of the bearings.  As a consequence, the fourth part is constituted by two papers concerning the mechanical and bearing problems in high speed machines. The former. written by J. Boisson an others, presents an analytical approach for the determination of the mechanical eigenfrequencies of an electrical machine stator [15]. The model is based on the calculation and the minimization of Rayleigh’s quotient and the use of Timoshenko kinematic model. The latter, by A. Looser and J. Kolar, describes a hybrid bearing approach with an aerodynamic gas bearing for load support, a small-sized active magnetic damper concept [16]. The proposed bearing solution enables stable high speed operation of the gas bearing with a minimum of additional complexity and costs.  The high rotational speed and consequently the high frequency supply increase the problems due to a correct control of the machine. Sophisticated controls requires accurate measurement of the stator currents and of the rotor speed and position and these signal have to be elaborated by high speed hardware (DSP, FPGA, Micro-controllers etc) able to reach the requested high bandwidth. In order to show the possible solutions, the Special Section last part includes three papers on high speed drives and related control strategies. The first paper. by D. Marcetic  and others, presents the performances of a high speeds shaft-sensorless drive performance with a very low sampling to fundamental frequency ratio [17]. The second paper, by A. Hasanzadeh and others, present a multi-platform hardware-in the-loop approach to observe the operation of a high speed permanent magnet synchronous generator coupled with a micro-turbine in an all-electric-ship power system [18]. The third paper is written by H. Mitterhofer and other, and it deals with the high speed capacity of bearingless discussing a high speed bearingless disk drive, designed to reach speeds of beyond 100,000 rpm [19]. In the paper, the mechanical properties and the control system requirements necessary for high speed operation are described too.  The Guest Editors express their gratitude to all the authors for sending their contributions and to the reviewers for their expertise and dedication to the review process. Finally, we dedicate a special acknowledgement to the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Prof. Mo Yuen Chow, and Prof. Carlo Cecati and to the Journal Administrator, Ms. Sandra McClain, for their great support and patience.  ALDO BOGLIETTI, Guest Editor Politecnico di Torino Dipartimento Energia Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24 10129 Torino, Italy  CHRIS GERADA, Guest Editor University of Nottingham Faculty of Engineering NG7 2RD Nottingham, UK  ANDREA CAVAGNINO, Guest Editor Politecnico di Torino Dipartimento Energia Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24 10129 Torino, Italy  REFERENCES [1] D. Gerada, N.L. Brown, A. Mebarki, C. Gerada, A. Boglietti, A. Cavagnino, “ High Speed Electrical Machines –Technologies, Trends and Developments”. [2] A. Tuysuz, C. Zwyssig, J. Kolar, “ Novel Motor Topology for High-Speed Micro-Machining Applications”. [3] J. Ikaheimo, J. Kolehmainen, T. Kansakangas, V. Kivela, R. Moghaddam, “Synchronous High-Speed Reluctance Machine with Novel Rotor Construction”. [4] B. Gaussens, E. Hoang, M. P. Lécrivain,  M. Manfe; Gabsi, “An Hybrid-Excited Flux-Switching Machine for High Speed DC-Alternator Application”. [5] S. Silber, J. Sloupensky, P. Dirnberger, M. Moravec, M. Reisinger, W.  Amrhein, “High Speed Drive for Textile Rotor Spinning Applications”. [6] L. Solero, F. Crescimbini, A. Lidozzi, G. Lo Calzo, “High Speed Electric Drive for Exhaust Gas Energy Recovery Applications”. [7] J. Abrahamsson, M.  Hedlund, T. Kamf, H. Tobias,H.  Bernhoff,  “High-Speed Kinetic Energy Buffer for Electric Vehicles in Urban Traffic: Design and Optimization”. [8] A. Tenconi, S. Vaschetto, A. Vigliani, Electrical Machines for High-Speed Applications: Design Considerations and Trade-offs”. [9] H. Qiu, W. Li, X Zhang; R. Yi, “Influence of Rotor-Sleeve Electromagnetic Characteristics on High Speed Permanent Magnet Generator”. [10] D. Gonzalez, D. Saban, “Study of the Copper Losses in a High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Machine with Form-Wound Windings”. [11] M. Dems, K. Komeza, “Performance Characteristics of a High-Speed Energy-Saving Induction Motor with an Amorphous Stator Core”. [12] H. Qiu, W. Li, X Zhang, J. Cao, R. Yi, “Analyses on Electromagnetic and Temperature Field of Super High Speed Permanent Magnet Generator with Different Material Sleeves”. [13] M. Van der Geest, H. Polinder, J.  Ferreira, D. Zeilstra, “Current sharing analysis of parallel strands in low voltage high speed machines”. [14] L. Papini, T. Raminosoa, D.  Gerada, C.  Gerada, “A High Speed Permanent Magnet Machine for Fault-Tolerant Drivetrains”. [15] J. Boisson, Julien F. Louf, X Ojeda, X. Mininge, M; Gabsi, “Analytical Approach for Mechanical Resonance Frequencies of High-Speed Machines”. [16] A. Looser, , J.  Kolar, “An Active Magnetic Damper Concept for Stabilization of Gas-Bearings in High-Speed Permanent Magnet Machines”. [17] D. Marcetic, I.  Krcmar, M.  Gecic, P.  Matic, “Discrete Rotor Flux and Speed Estimators for High Speed Shaft-Sensorless IM Drives”. [18] A. Hasanzadeh, C. Edrington, N. Stroupe, T. Bevis, “Real-Time Emulation of a High Speed Micro-Turbine Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator using Multi-Platform Hardware-in-the-Loop Realization”. [19] H. Mitterhofer, W. Gruber, W. Amrhein, “On the High Speed Capacity of Bearingless Drives”.  GUEST EDITORS  Aldo Boglietti (M’04, SM’06, F’12) was born in Rome, Italy. He received the Laurea degree in Electrical Engineering from the Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy in 1981. Now he is Full Professor in the same University. He is Chair of the Electrical Machines Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society and the Past Chair of the Electrical Machines Technical Committee of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. He is IEEE Fellow and Associated Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics and reviewer of many IEEE Transactions and other international journals. Prof. Boglietti is author of more than 150 papers in the field of energetic problem in electrical machines and drives,   Prof. Chris Gerada (M’05) obtained his PhD in Numerical Modelling of Electrical Machines from the University of Nottingham, UK in 2005.. He was appointed as Lecturer in Electrical Machines in 2008, an Associate Professor in 2011 and Professor in 2013 in the same University. His core research interests include the design and modelling of high performance electric drives and machines.  Prof. Gerada holds a Royal Academy of Engineering / Cummins Chair in Electrical Machines. He is also an Associate Editor for the Transactions in Industry Applications and executive member of the management board of the UK Magnetic Society and the IET Aerospace Technical and Professional Network.  Andrea Cavagnino (M’04–SM’10) was born in Asti, Italy, in 1970. He received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy, in 1995 and 1999, respectively. He is an Associate Professor at the Dipartimento Energia of the same University. Currently, Prof. Cavagnino is the Chair of the EMC of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society and he is an Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics and of the IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications., and he is a Reviewer for several IEEE Transactions and other international journals. His research interests include electromagnetic design, thermal design, and energetic behavior of electric machines. He is the author of more than 120 papers published in technical journals and conference proceedings.  

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PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino

Repository@Nottingham

Special Section on High Speed Electrical Machines and Drives Guest Editorial  The use of high speed electrical machines and drives is in continuous evolution for a number of engineering applications, including electrical spindles for milling cutters and grinding, turbochargers, electrical turbo-compounding systems, aero-engine spools, helicopter engines, racing engines and fuel pumps. These application have a typical operational speeds over 10,000 rpm and 𝑅𝑃𝑀√𝑘𝑊 specific indexes in excess of 105. Applications with maximum speed up to 150,000 - 200,000 rpm are now under consideration with the first experimental realizations ready.  The academic and industrial interests in this topic are growning very fast pushing their researches towards  improvements in the involved technologies with a significant impact in many application areas. One of the main advantages of high speed machines and drives is the reduction of system weight for a given power conversion. This is especially desirable in all transportation applications where a weight reduction results directly in reduced fuel consumption and emissions.  The more electric transportation systems are one of main topics of a significant push for advancing high speed technologies. A second reason in adopting high speed machines in certain applications is the improvement in reliability due to the elimination of intermediate gearing, such as high speed direct drives.  The previous considerations have pushed the Guest Editors to propose to the  Transactions on Industrial Electronics Editors this Special Sections on High speed electrical machines and drives. The Special Section was fully approved and it got a strong interest in Electrical Machine and Drives researchers community. The Special Section received 53 papers to be submitted at the peer review. Among these papers, only 19 ones have been accepted for publication.  All the accepted papers include strong experimental activities to validate the proposed solutions. The accepted papers now represent a milestone for the researchers interested on the Special Section  topics.  The Special Section starts with a paper presented by high speed machines specialists from Cummins together with the Guest Editors concerning the State of Art of the High Speed Electrical Machines and Drives [1]. In this paper a reviews of the current technologies used in high speed electrical machines applications is discussed through an extensive survey of different topologies developed and built in industry as well as in academia. In addition, the developments in materials and components including electrical steels and copper alloys are reported too. The other 18 accepted papers have been grouped in several parts taking into account their main topics.  The first part concerns the presentation of novel motor topologies. In fact, in order to cope with the load request, high speed electrical machine applications often require innovative electromagnetic structure and the three papers present very interesting novel and innovative machine structures. The first paper, by A. Tuysuz and others , presents a novel motor topology with a lateral stator useful for drilling applications where the space in the tool head is limited [2]. The stator of the motor grows in one lateral direction, allowing for a compact direct drive design. The second paper, by J. Ikaheimo and others, discusses of a new type of synchronous reluctance rotor with a mechanical robust structure [3]. The two pole rotor design incorporates soft magnetic flux guides inside a non-magnetic matrix material. The third paper, by B. Gaussens and others, deals with new topology of Hybrid Excited Flux-Switching Machine (HE FSM) with excitation coils located in stator slots or inner DC windings [4]. The high speed electrical machines and drives are enlarging the field of application where the direct drives are adopted instead of the classical lower speed drive connected to mechanical gears. As a consequence, in order to better understand the new application performance requirements, a presentation of the innovative application areas driving the development of high speed machines and drives has been included too. For this reason, the second part deals with four interesting applications of high speed electrical machines and drives. The first paper. by J. Sloupensky and other. presents an interesting high-speed drive and frictionless suspension system for textile applications [5]. The new rotor spinning unit is an innovative textile technology potentially leading to higher productivity, reduced power consumption and dust deposit. The second paper, by L. Solero and others, discusses a solutions for developing a direct coupled electric drive to be used in combination with a radial turbo-expander for exhausts energy recovery in automotive applications [6]. The high speed machines and drives play an important role in automotive applications and the third paper, by J. Abrahamsson and others, is on that topic again[ 7]. The paper is concerning the design and optimization of a 30,000 rpm kinetic energy storage system. The device is used as an energy buffer storing up to 870Wh, in urban vehicles. The fourth paper, by A. Tenconi and others, is concerning high speed machines used in Electrical spindles [8]. The paper summarizes and discusses the electrical and mechanical aspects involved in the high speed machine design, highlighting the main problems and the trade-offs that the designer must consider. Correlation between volume reduction and the speed increase, based on commercial high-frequency rotor-stator units, is discussed as well.  The design of high speed machines represents a challenge from the electromagnetic and mechanical point of view. The high supply frequencies lead to an increase both of the iron losses in the stator laminations and of the additional losses in the winding due to the skin effects.  For the previous reasons, the third part groups 6 papers concerning the electromagnetic design of high speed electrical machines. The first paper, by H. Qiu and others, discusses the use of rotor sleeve and their influence on the electromagnetic characteristics [9]. The analysis is carried out on a super high speed permanent magnet generator. The second paper, by D. Gonzales and D. Saban, studies copper losses in a 5.0 MW, high-speed permanent-magnet machine designed with form-wound winding [10]. In particular, the impact of the slot configuration on the proximity effect is analyzed considering open and semi-closed slots. The third paper, by M. Dems and K. Komeza, analyzes the use amorphous laminations small induction motor stator core with  high frequency supply [11]. The fourth papers by, H. Qiu and others, presents a super high speed permanent magnet generator which has an alloy sleeve on the rotor outer surface [12]. The sleeve used to fix the permanent magnets and protect them from being destroyed by the large centrifugal force influence the rotor eddy current losses generated in the alloy rotor sleeve, increasing the machine temperature. The fifth paper, by M. Van der Geest and others, deals with a simple and  flexible method to estimate stator parasitic effects, such as skin and proximity effects producing uneven distribution of the currents across the winding strands and additional circulating currents [13]. The last paper, of this part, by L. Papini and others, is about the design of a high speed permanent magnet motor to be used in fault tolerant operation [14]. A multidisciplinary approach to the optimal design of the machine is adopted minimizing the additional losses resulting from faulty operating conditions and accounting for the remedial control strategy. From the mechanical point of view, the high rotational speeds bring into play problems concerning the mechanical stresses due the peripheral speed and the right selection of the bearings.  As a consequence, the fourth part is constituted by two papers concerning the mechanical and bearing problems in high speed machines. The former. written by J. Boisson an others, presents an analytical approach for the determination of the mechanical eigenfrequencies of an electrical machine stator [15]. The model is based on the calculation and the minimization of Rayleigh’s quotient and the use of Timoshenko kinematic model. The latter, by A. Looser and J. Kolar, describes a hybrid bearing approach with an aerodynamic gas bearing for load support, a small-sized active magnetic damper concept [16]. The proposed bearing solution enables stable high speed operation of the gas bearing with a minimum of additional complexity and costs.  The high rotational speed and consequently the high frequency supply increase the problems due to a correct control of the machine. Sophisticated controls requires accurate measurement of the stator currents and of the rotor speed and position and these signal have to be elaborated by high speed hardware (DSP, FPGA, Micro-controllers etc) able to reach the requested high bandwidth. In order to show the possible solutions, the Special Section last part includes three papers on high speed drives and related control strategies. The first paper. by D. Marcetic  and others, presents the performances of a high speeds shaft-sensorless drive performance with a very low sampling to fundamental frequency ratio [17]. The second paper, by A. Hasanzadeh and others, present a multi-platform hardware-in the-loop approach to observe the operation of a high speed permanent magnet synchronous generator coupled with a micro-turbine in an all-electric-ship power system [18]. The third paper is written by H. Mitterhofer and other, and it deals with the high speed capacity of bearingless discussing a high speed bearingless disk drive, designed to reach speeds of beyond 100,000 rpm [19]. In the paper, the mechanical properties and the control system requirements necessary for high speed operation are described too.  The Guest Editors express their gratitude to all the authors for sending their contributions and to the reviewers for their expertise and dedication to the review process. Finally, we dedicate a special acknowledgement to the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Prof. Mo Yuen Chow, and Prof. Carlo Cecati and to the Journal Administrator, Ms. Sandra McClain, for their great support and patience.  ALDO BOGLIETTI, Guest Editor Politecnico di Torino Dipartimento Energia Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24 10129 Torino, Italy  CHRIS GERADA, Guest Editor University of Nottingham Faculty of Engineering NG7 2RD Nottingham, UK  ANDREA CAVAGNINO, Guest Editor Politecnico di Torino Dipartimento Energia Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24 10129 Torino, Italy  REFERENCES [1] D. Gerada, N.L. Brown, A. Mebarki, C. Gerada, A. Boglietti, A. Cavagnino, “ High Speed Electrical Machines –Technologies, Trends and Developments”. [2] A. Tuysuz, C. Zwyssig, J. Kolar, “ Novel Motor Topology for High-Speed Micro-Machining Applications”. [3] J. Ikaheimo, J. Kolehmainen, T. Kansakangas, V. Kivela, R. Moghaddam, “Synchronous High-Speed Reluctance Machine with Novel Rotor Construction”. [4] B. Gaussens, E. Hoang, M. P. Lécrivain,  M. Manfe; Gabsi, “An Hybrid-Excited Flux-Switching Machine for High Speed DC-Alternator Application”. [5] S. Silber, J. Sloupensky, P. Dirnberger, M. Moravec, M. Reisinger, W.  Amrhein, “High Speed Drive for Textile Rotor Spinning Applications”. [6] L. Solero, F. Crescimbini, A. Lidozzi, G. Lo Calzo, “High Speed Electric Drive for Exhaust Gas Energy Recovery Applications”. [7] J. Abrahamsson, M.  Hedlund, T. Kamf, H. Tobias,H.  Bernhoff,  “High-Speed Kinetic Energy Buffer for Electric Vehicles in Urban Traffic: Design and Optimization”. [8] A. Tenconi, S. Vaschetto, A. Vigliani, Electrical Machines for High-Speed Applications: Design Considerations and Trade-offs”. [9] H. Qiu, W. Li, X Zhang; R. Yi, “Influence of Rotor-Sleeve Electromagnetic Characteristics on High Speed Permanent Magnet Generator”. [10] D. Gonzalez, D. Saban, “Study of the Copper Losses in a High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Machine with Form-Wound Windings”. [11] M. Dems, K. Komeza, “Performance Characteristics of a High-Speed Energy-Saving Induction Motor with an Amorphous Stator Core”. [12] H. Qiu, W. Li, X Zhang, J. Cao, R. Yi, “Analyses on Electromagnetic and Temperature Field of Super High Speed Permanent Magnet Generator with Different Material Sleeves”. [13] M. Van der Geest, H. Polinder, J.  Ferreira, D. Zeilstra, “Current sharing analysis of parallel strands in low voltage high speed machines”. [14] L. Papini, T. Raminosoa, D.  Gerada, C.  Gerada, “A High Speed Permanent Magnet Machine for Fault-Tolerant Drivetrains”. [15] J. Boisson, Julien F. Louf, X Ojeda, X. Mininge, M; Gabsi, “Analytical Approach for Mechanical Resonance Frequencies of High-Speed Machines”. [16] A. Looser, , J.  Kolar, “An Active Magnetic Damper Concept for Stabilization of Gas-Bearings in High-Speed Permanent Magnet Machines”. [17] D. Marcetic, I.  Krcmar, M.  Gecic, P.  Matic, “Discrete Rotor Flux and Speed Estimators for High Speed Shaft-Sensorless IM Drives”. [18] A. Hasanzadeh, C. Edrington, N. Stroupe, T. Bevis, “Real-Time Emulation of a High Speed Micro-Turbine Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator using Multi-Platform Hardware-in-the-Loop Realization”. [19] H. Mitterhofer, W. Gruber, W. Amrhein, “On the High Speed Capacity of Bearingless Drives”.  GUEST EDITORS  Aldo Boglietti (M’04, SM’06, F’12) was born in Rome, Italy. He received the Laurea degree in Electrical Engineering from the Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy in 1981. Now he is Full Professor in the same University. He is Chair of the Electrical Machines Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society and the Past Chair of the Electrical Machines Technical Committee of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. He is IEEE Fellow and Associated Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics and reviewer of many IEEE Transactions and other international journals. Prof. Boglietti is author of more than 150 papers in the field of energetic problem in electrical machines and drives,   Prof. Chris Gerada (M’05) obtained his PhD in Numerical Modelling of Electrical Machines from the University of Nottingham, UK in 2005.. He was appointed as Lecturer in Electrical Machines in 2008, an Associate Professor in 2011 and Professor in 2013 in the same University. His core research interests include the design and modelling of high performance electric drives and machines.  Prof. Gerada holds a Royal Academy of Engineering / Cummins Chair in Electrical Machines. He is also an Associate Editor for the Transactions in Industry Applications and executive member of the management board of the UK Magnetic Society and the IET Aerospace Technical and Professional Network.  Andrea Cavagnino (M’04–SM’10) was born in Asti, Italy, in 1970. He received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy, in 1995 and 1999, respectively. He is an Associate Professor at the Dipartimento Energia of the same University. Currently, Prof. Cavagnino is the Chair of the EMC of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society and he is an Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics and of the IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications., and he is a Reviewer for several IEEE Transactions and other international journals. His research interests include electromagnetic design, thermal design, and energetic behavior of electric machines. He is the author of more than 120 papers published in technical journals and conference proceedings.  

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