Carbon dioxide – A potential raw material for the production of fuel, fuel additives and bio-derived chemicals

Abstract

1252-1262Amongst the various greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere, carbon dioxide emission is the highest in terms of tonnage and has been identified as a predominant source contributing to climate change. Owing to its abundance through anthropogenic sources, it is highly desirable to utilize CO2 to produce valuable products, in particular fuels and large volume chemicals, and thereby mitigate significantly its environmental impact. This review aims to cover the attempts made in utilizing CO2 for the production of fuels, fuel additives and bio-derived chemicals, in particular organic carbonates. Although this review does not intend to encompass the literature in the holistic manner, it does endeavor to provide recent approaches, difficulties, challenges and offer perspective in the years to come on this important area of research. </span