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Core belief content examined in a large sample of patients using online cognitive behaviour therapy
Authors
Abigail Millings
Abramson
+66 more
American Psychiatric Association
Andrews
Baldwin
Barak
Baranoff
Barlow
Bartholomew
Beck
Beck
Beck
Beck
Beck
Beck
Beck
Blatt
Bourgeois
Bowlby
Brennan
Carnelley
Cavanagh
Christensen
Del Giudice
Derogatis
Dindia
Dirkse
Dutra
Field
Gallagher
Gentile
Glaser
Gorrese
Harris
Hazan
Hedman
Hyde
Josephs
Katherine B. Carnelley
Kessler
Kling
Kroenke
Major
McBride
McBride
Mikulincer
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
Newman
Pietromonaco
Rapee
Rifai
Roth
Rowe
Rush
Schmidt
Simon
Spitzer
Steel
Su
Svartvatten
Taylor
Twenge
Van Der Zanden
Welburn
Wenzel
Young
Zell
Zuroff
Publication date
1 August 2015
Publisher
'Elsevier BV'
Doi
Cite
Abstract
© 2015 The Authors. Abstract Background Computerised cognitive behavioural therapy provides a unique opportunity to collect and analyse data regarding the idiosyncratic content of people's core beliefs about the self, others and the world. Methods 'Beating the Blues' users recorded a core belief derived through the downward arrow technique. Core beliefs from 1813 mental health patients were coded into 10 categories. Results The most common were global self-evaluation, attachment, and competence. Women were more likely, and men were less likely (than chance), to provide an attachment-related core belief; and men were more likely, and women less likely, to provide a self-competence-related core belief. This may be linked to gender differences in sources of self-esteem. Those who were suffering from anxiety were more likely to provide power- and control-themed core beliefs and less likely to provide attachment core beliefs than chance. Finally, those who had thoughts of suicide in the preceding week reported less competence themed core beliefs and more global self-evaluation (e.g., 'I am useless') core beliefs than chance. Limitations Concurrent symptom level was not available. The sample was not nationally representative, and featured programme completers only. Conclusions Men and women may focus on different core beliefs in the context of CBT. Those suffering anxiety may need a therapeutic focus on power and control. A complete rejection of the self (not just within one domain, such as competence) may be linked to thoughts of suicide. Future research should examine how individual differences and symptom severity influence core beliefs
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