Effect Of Aluminum Oxide-blasted Implant Surface On The Bone Healing Around Implants In Rats Submitted To Continuous Administration Of Selective Cvclooxvaenase-2 Inhibitors
Purpose: The continual use of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors may have a negative impact on bone repair around titanium implants. Because modified implant surfaces could be considered an important strategy to increase success rates in some conditions that interfere in bone healing, the aim of this study was to investigate whether an aluminum oxide (Al2bO 3)blasted implant surface could reduce the negative action promoted by the continuous administration of selective COX-2 inhibitors on bone healing around implants. Materials and Methods: Thirty Wistar rats received one titanium implant (machined or Al2O3-blasted surface) in each tibia and were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: saline (n = 14) or meloxicam (n = 16); each was administered daily for 60 days. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC), bone area (BA) within the limits of threads, and bone density (BD) in a zone lateral to the implant were examined in undecalcified sections. Results: The Al2O3-blasted surface resulted in significantly increased BIC in both groups, and meloxicam significantly reduced bone healing around implants (P < .05). For the machined surface, significant differences were observed for BIC (39.48 ± 10.18; 25.23 ± 9.29), BA (60.62 ± 4.09; 42.94 ± 8.12), and BD (56.31 ± 3.64; 49.30 ± 3.15) in the saline and meloxicam groups, respectively. For the Al2O3-biasted surface, data analysis also demonstrated significant differences for BIC (45.92 ± 11.34; 33.30 ± 7.56), BA (61.04 ± 4.39; 44.89 ± 7.11), and BD (58.77 ± 2.93; 50.04 ± 3.94) for the saline and meloxicam groups, respectively. Conclusions: The Al2O3-blasted surface may increase BIC; however, it does not reverse the negative effects promoted by a selective COX-2 inhibitor on bone healing around implants.242226233Adell, R., Lekholm, U., Rockler, B., Brȧnemark P-I.A 15-year study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw (1981) Int J Oral Surg, 10, pp. 387-416Lindquist L, Carlsson, G.E., Jemt, T.A., Prospective 15-year follow-up study of mandibular fixed prostheses supported by osseointegrated implants Clinical results and marginal bone loss (1996) Clin Oral Implants Res, 7, pp. 329-336Payne, J.B., Reinhardt, R.A., Nummikoski, P.V., Dunning, D.G., Patii, K.D., The association of cigarette smoking with alveolar bone loss in postmenopausal females (2000) J Clin Periodontol, 27, pp. 658-664Rapuri, P.B., Gallacher, J.C., Balhorn, K.E., Ryschon, K.L., Smoking and bone metabolism in elderly women (2000) Bone, 27, pp. 429-436César-Neto, J.B., Benatti, B.B., Sallum, E.A., Sallum, A.W., Nociti FH, Jr., Bone filling around titanium implants may benefit from smoking cessation: A histologic study in rats (2005) J Periodontol, 76, pp. 1476-1481Ribeiro, F.V., Cesar Neto, J.B., Nociti Jr, F.H., Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor may impair bone healing around titanium implants in rats (2006) J Periodontol, 77, pp. 1731-1735Lemmel, E.-M., Bolten, W., Burgos-Vargas, R., Platt, P., Nissila, M., Sahlberg, D., Bjorneboe, O., Distel, M., Efficacy and safety of meloxicam in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1997) Journal of Rheumatology, 24 (2), pp. 282-290Sato, Y., Arai, N., Negishi, A., Ohya, K., Expression of cyclooxygenase genes and involvement of endogenous prostaglandin during osteogenesis in the rat tibial bone marrow cavity (1997) J Med Dent Sci, 44, pp. 81-92Arikawa, T., Omura, K., Morita I.Regulation of bone morpho- genetic protein-2 expression by endogenous prostaglandin E2 in human mesenchymal stem cells (2004) J Cell Physiol, 200, pp. 400-406Deligianni, D.D., Katsala, N., Ladas, S., Sotiropoulou, D., Amedee, J., Missirlis, Y.F., Effect of surface roughness of the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V on human bone marrow cell response and on protein adsorption (2001) Biomaterials, 22 (11), pp. 1241-1251. , DOI 10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00274-X, PII S014296120000274XSchwartz, Z., Boyan, B.D., Underlying mechanisms at the bone biomaterial interface (1994) J Cell Biochem, 56, pp. 340-347Lazzara Rjtestori Ttrisi, P., Porter, S.S., Weinstein, R.L., A human histological analysis of osseotites and machined surfaces using implants with 2 opposing surfaces (1999) Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 19, pp. 117-129Roccuzzo, M., Wilson, T.G., A prospective study evaluating a protocol for 6 weeks' loading of SLA implants in the posterior maxilla (2002) Clin Oral Implants Res, 13, pp. 502-507Lima, A.L., Fuchs-Wehrle, A.M., Lang, N.P., Surface characteristics of implants influence their bone integration after simultaneous placement of implant and GBR membrane (2003) Clin Oral Implants Res, 14, pp. 669-679Weng, D., Hoffmeyer, M., Hürzeler, M.B., Richter, E.J., The Osseotite vs machined surface in poor bone quality. A study in dogs. (2003) Clin Oral Implants Res, 14, pp. 703-708Morris, H.F., Ochi, S., Winkler, S., Implant survival in patients with type 2 diabetes: Placement to 36 months (2000) Ann Periodontol, 5, pp. 157-165Kumar, A., Jaffin, R.A., Berman C.The effect of smoking on achieving osseointegration of surface-modified implants: A clinical report (2002) Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 17, pp. 816-819Nociti, F.H.J.R., César Neto, J.B., Carvalho, M.D., Sallum, E.A., Bone density around titanium implants may be influenced by intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation: A histometric study in rats (2002) Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 17, pp. 347-352Bezerra, M.M., De Lima, V., Alencar, V.B., Al, E., Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor prevents alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in rats (2000) J Periodontol, 71, pp. 1009-1014Bcv, G., Duarte, P.M., Jr N.Fh, Al, E., Impact of an antiinflammatory therapy and its withdrawal on the progression of experimental periodontitis in rats (2004) J Periodontol, 75, pp. 1613-1618Bcv, G., Ribeiro, F.V., Mad, S., Selective COX-2 inhibitor reduces bone healing in bone defects (2005) Braz Oral Res, 19, pp. 312-316Engelhardt, G., Homma, D., Schlegel, K., Utzman, R., Schnitzler, C., Antiinflammatory analgesic, antipyretic and related properties of meloxicam,a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with favorable gastrointestinal tolerance (1995) Inflamm Res, 44, pp. 423-433Engelhardt, G., Bogel, R., Schnitzer, C., Utzmann, R., Meloxicam: Influence on arachidonic acid metabolism Part un vitro findings (1996) Biochem Pharmacol, 51, pp. 21-28Engelhardt, G., Bogel, R., Schnitzler, C., Utzmann, R., Meloxicam: Influence on arachidonic acid metabolism. Part II in vivo findings (1996) Biochem Pharmacol, 51, pp. 29-38Donath, K., Breuner, G.A., A method for the study of undecalci- fied bones and teeth with attached soft tissue (1982) J Oral Pathol, 11, pp. 318-326Duarte, P.M., Gonçalves, P.F., Casati, M.Z., Sallum, E.A., Nociti FH, Jr., Age-related and surgically induced estrogen deficiencies may differently affect bone around titanium implants in rats (2005) J Periodontol, 76, pp. 1496-1501Zhang, X., Schqarz, E.M., Young, D.A., Puzas, J.E., Rosier, R.N., O'Keefe RJ.Cyclooxygenase-2 regulates mesenchymal cell differentiation into the osteoblast lineage and is critically involved in bone repair (2002) J Clin Invest, 109, pp. 1405-1415Simon, A.M., Manigrasso, M.B., O'Connor, J.P., Cyclooxygenase 2 function is essential for bone fracture healing (2002) J Bone Miner Res, 17, pp. 977-978Ducy, P., Zhang, R., Geoffroy, V., Ridali, A.L., Karsenty, G., Osf2/Cbfa1: A transcriptional activator of osteoblast differentiation (1997) Cell, 89, pp. 747-754Komori Tyagi, H., Nomura, S., Targeted disruption of cbfal results in a complete lack of bone formation owing to matura- tional arrest of osteoblasts (1997) Cell, 89, pp. 755-764Nakashima, K., Zhou, X., Kunkel, G., The novel zinc finger- containing transcription factor osterix is required for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation (2002) Cell, 108, pp. 17-29Yagi Ktsuji, K., Nifuji, A., Bone morphogenetic protein-2 enhances osterix gene expression in chondrocytes (2003) J Cell Biochem, 88, pp. 1077-1083Yang, S., Wei, D., Wang, D., Phimphilai, M., Krebsbach, P.H., Franceschi, R.T., In vitro and in vivo synergistic interactions between the Runx2/Cbfa1 transcription factor and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in stimulating osteoblast differentiation (2003) J Bone Miner Res, 18, pp. 705-715Celil, A.B., Campbell, P.G., BMP-2 and insulin-like growth factor-l mediate Osterix (Osx) expression in human mesenchymal stem cells via the MAPK and protein kinase D signaling path- ways (2005) J Biol Chem, 280, pp. 31353-31359Lee, M.H., Kim, Y.J., Kim, H.J., BMP-2-induced Runx2 expression is mediated by Dlx5,and TGF-beta 1 opposes the BMP-2- induced osteoblast differentiation by suppression of Dlx5 expression (2003) J Biol Chem, 278, pp. 34387-34394Cheng, S.L., Shao, J.S., Charlton-Kachigian, N., Loewy AP.Towler DA.MSX2 promotes osteogenesis and suppresses adipogenic differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal progenitors (2003) J Biol Chem, 278, pp. 45969-45977Jadlowiec, J., Koch, H., Zhang, X., Campbell, P.G., Seyedain, M., Sfeir, C., Phosphophoryn regulates the gene expression and differentiation of NIH3T3, MC3T3-E1, and human mesenchymal stem cells via the integrin/MAPK signaling pathway (2004) J Biol Chem, 279, pp. 53323-53330Reddy, M.S., Jeffcoat, M.K., Richardson, R.C., Assessment of adjunctive flurbiprofen therapy in root-form implant healing with digital subtraction radiography (1990) J Oral Implantol, 16, pp. 272-276Jacobsson, S.A., Djerf, K., Ivarsson, I., Wahlstrom, O., Effect of diclofenac on fixation of hydroxyapatite-coated implants: An experimental study (1994) J Bone Joint Surg Am, 76, pp. 831-833Wennerberg, A., Albrektsson, T., Andersson, B., Krol, J.J., A histomor- phometric and removal torque study of screw-shaped titanium implants with three different surface topographies (1995) Clin Oral Implants Res, 6, pp. 24-30Wennerberg Ahallgren, C., Johansson, C., Danelli, S., A histomor- phometric evaluation of screw-shaped implants each prepared with two surface roughnesses (1998) Clin Oral Implants Res, 9, pp. 11-19Stefani, C.M., Nogueira, F., Sallum, E.A., De Ts Sallum, A.W., Jr N.Fh, Influence of nicotine administration on different implant surfaces: A histometric study in rabbits (2002) J Periodontol, 73, pp. 206-212Buser, D., Schenk, R.K., Steinemann, S., Fiorellini, J.P., Ch, F., Stich, H., Influence of surface characteristics on bone integration of titanium implants:A histomorphometric study in miniature pigs (1991) J Biomed Mater Res, 25, pp. 889-902Keselowsky, B.G., Collard, D.M., Garcia, A.J., Surface chemistry modulates focal adhesion composition and signaling through changes in integrin binding (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 5947-5954Martin, J.Y., Schwartz, Z., Hummert, T.W., Effect of titanium surface roughness on proliferation, differentiation, and protein synthesis of human osteoblast-like cells (MG63) (1995) J Biomed Mater Res, 29, pp. 389-401Hatano, K., Inoue, H., Kojo, T., Effect of surface roughness on proliferation and alkaline phosphatase expression of rat cal- varial cells cultured on polystyrene (1999) Bone, 25, pp. 439-445Harle, J., Salih, V., Olsen, I., Brett, P., Jones, F., Tonetti, M., Gene expression profiling of bone cells on smooth and rough titanium surfaces (2004) J Mater Sci Mater Med, 15, pp. 1255-125