We investigate the choice of stellar population for use as the Astrometric
Grid for the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM). SIM depends on the astrometric
stability of about 2000 stars, the so called Grid, against which the science
measures are referenced. Low metallicity, and thus relatively high luminosity K
giants are shown to be the population of choice, when available. The
alternative, nearby G dwarfs, are shown to be suseptable to unmodeled motions
induced by gas-giant planetary companions, should there be a significant
population of such companions.
Radial velocity filtering is quite efficient in selecting Grid members from
the K giants with yields exceeding 50% if filtering at 30m/s (1-sigma) is
available. However if the binary fraction of the G dwarfs approaches 100% as
some studies suggest, the yield of stable systems would be in the range of 15%
at best (with 10m/s filtering). Use of the initial SIM measurement as a final
filter is shown not to be critical in either case, although it could improve
the yield of stable grid members.
For a Grid composed of weak-lined K giants, the residual contamination by
large unmodeled motions will amount to about 3% (and rises to about 6% if a
60m/s radial velocity criterion is used). The selective introduction of
quadratic terms in the proper motion solutions during the post-mission phase of
data reduction can reduce contamination to a remarkable 1% or better in either
case.
Analytic estimates based on circular orbits are developed which show how
these results come about.Comment: 42 pages including 13 eps figures. To be published Sept 2002 in PAS