Antimicrobial therapy during pregnancy

Abstract

Like anybody else, pregnant women are susceptible to infections. The correct treatment of these women, however, must consider along with pathogens, the infection site and antibiotic pharmacokinetics, the fetus and possible side effects to the child. When prescribing over this special condition, the physician must remember that the prescription will affect two people and the drug must treat the mother without affect the fetus. Beta-lactams having a long history of use without significant deleterious effects on the fetuses still are the safest choice during pregnancy. However, considering the constant increase of multi-resistant microorganisms, the physician has been forced to use some kind of different antimicrobial agent. Usually, data regarding safety during pregnancy are very limited on the "newer agents", which causes serious doubts during their prescription. In addition, many studies regarding the safety use of antibiotics during pregnancy are inconclusive or demand more evidences. The present study is a wide revision regarding the use of antibiotics during pregnancy, considering their pharmacokinetics and the clinical experience in recent years. © Copyright Moreira Jr. Editora.Como quaisquer pessoas, gestantes estão sujeitas às infecções. O correto tratamento dessas mulheres deve considerar, além da sensibilidade dos patógenos, o local da infecção, a farmacocinética do antibiótico, os possíveis efeitos colaterais no feto e no neonato. Ao prescrever nessa condição especial, o médico deve lembrar-se que estará prescrevendo para dois organismos distintos e o fármaco deve tratar a mãe sem afetar o feto. Os beta-lactâmicos têm uma longa história de uso sem efeitos significativos no fetos e ainda são a escolha mais segura durante a gestação, embora o constante aumento no número de microrganismos multirresistentes tenha forçado os médicos a prescreverem diferentes antimicrobianos. Normalmente os dados a respeito da segurança de fármacos durante a gestação são muito limitados, causando dúvidas no momento da prescrição. Some-se a isso o fato de que muitos estudos sobre a segurança de antibióticos durante a gestação são inconclusivos ou demandam maiores evidências. 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The correct treatment of these women, however, must consider along with pathogens, the infection site and antibiotic pharmacokinetics, the fetus and possible side effects to the child. When prescribing over this special condition, the physician must remember that the prescription will affect two people and the drug must treat the mother without affect the fetus. Beta-lactams having a long history of use without significant deleterious effects on the fetuses still are the safest choice during pregnancy. However, considering the constant increase of multi-resistant microorganisms, the physician has been forced to use some kind of different antimicrobial agent. Usually, data regarding safety during pregnancy are very limited on the "newer agents", which causes serious doubts during their prescription. In addition, many studies regarding the safety use of antibiotics during pregnancy are inconclusive or demand more evidences. The present study is a wide revision regarding the use of antibiotics during pregnancy, considering their pharmacokinetics and the clinical experience in recent year