From The Stigma Of Manic Depression To The Encouraging Of Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder: The Evolution Of The Approach In Two Lay Media Publications Over The Last 40 Years [do Estigma Da Psicose Maníaco-depressiva Ao Incentivo Ao Tratamento Do Transtorno Bipolar: A Evolução Da Abordagem Em Dois Veículos Midiáticos Nos últimos 40 Anos]

Abstract

Objective: To examine the evolution over the past 40 years of the midia approach to bipolar disorder. Methods: A search was performed using the terms "bipolar disorder" and "manic-depressive" in the Brazilian magazine Veja and in American newspaper The New York Times. A sample of 40 texts from each source was analyzed. The texts were divided into two groups, one dated of the years between 1970 and 1999 and the second from 2000 to 2009. Results: Between 1970 and 1999 it is most often used the term "manic-depressive", but in the decade of 2000-2009, the term "bipolar disorder" prevails widely. In addition, older articles, which predominantly use the term "manic-depressive" tend to be more stigmatizing and less informative. Recent articles, on the other hand, feature more often the term "bipolar disorder" and tend to encourage treatment seeking. Conclusion: It is suggested that the midia approach to bipolar disorder, in comparison with the one given to manicdepressive psychosis, is characterized by a closer assimilation of the biomedical model.6128488Sadock, J.S., Sadock, V.A., Transtornos do humor (2007) Compêndio de psiquiatria: Ciências do comportamento e psiquiatria clínica, pp. 572-629. , In: Sadock JS, Sadock VA, 9 a ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed(2008) The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update, , World Health Organization, Geneva: World Health OrganizationMayes, R., Horwitz, A.V., DSM-III and the revolution in the classification of mental illness (2007) J Hist Behav Sci, 43 (4), p. 419Angst, J., Historical aspects of the dichotomy between manic-depressive disorders and schizophrenia (2002) Schizophr Res, 57 (1), pp. 5-13Lima, R.C., (2005) Somos todos desatentos? O TDA/H e a construção de bioidentidades, p. 161. , Rio de Janeiro: Relume DumaráHealy, D., The latest mania: Selling bipolar disorder (2006) PLoS Med, 3 (4), pp. e185Silvestre, A., (2007) O sujeito e o pathos na mídia, , Uma análise do discurso sobre saúde nas matérias de capa das revistas Veja e Época [dissertação]. São Paulo (SP): Universidade de São PauloHacking, I., (2000) The social construction of what, p. 264. , Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Pres