Drug And Alochol Use: Main Findings Of A National Survey, Brazil 2005 [consumo De álcool E Drogas: Principais Achados De Pesquisa De âmbito Nacional, Brasil 2005]
Objective: To assess alcohol and drug use in a representative sample of the urban Brazilian population and their correlation with sexual and reproductive health. Methods: Data from a national population-based survey with a complex sampling, performed in 2005 was used. A total of 5,040 individuals from both genders, in the age group from 16 to 65 years old, were interviewed. Issues regarding drug and alcohol use and sexual behavior were assessed. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used. Results: Alcohol was the most frequently used substance, with reports of regular use in the lives of 18% of interviewees. Use of illegal drugs was mentioned by 9% of the interviewees especially marijuana and snorted cocaine; injected drugs use was not frequent. There was a decrease in snorted cocaine use and an increase in marijuana use (in the last 12 months), compared to results of a similar survey conducted in 1998. History of sexual abuse was a risk factor for drug use and regular alcohol use. Interviewees mentioning the role of religion in their background, being White, and female were less likely to use alcohol in a regular way, which is especially prevalent among elderly males.Leisure activities and absence of current religious practice were associated with drug use. Conclusions: The regular or irregular alcohol use is prevalent in the urban Brazilian population, whereas injected drug use is rare. Over the last decade there was a decline in cocaine use. A history of sexual abuse was central to later use of alcohol and drugs.42SUPPL. 1109117Bastos, F.I., Bertoni, N., Hacker, M.A., Grupo de Estudos em População, Sexualidade e Aids. Consumo de álcool e drogas: Principais achados de pesquisa de âmbito nacional, Brasil 2005. (2008) Rev Saude Publica, 42 (SUPL 1), pp. 109-117Bastos, F.I., Caiaffa, W., Rossi, D., Vila, M., Malta, M., The children of Mama Coca: Coca, cocaine and the fate of harm reduction in South America (2007) Int J Drug Policy, 18 (2), pp. 99-106Bussab W de O, Grupo de Estudos em População, Sexualidade e Aids. Plano amostral da Pesquisa Nacional sobre Comportamento Sexual e Percepções sobre HIV/Aids, 2005. Rev Saude Publica. 2008;42(Supl 1):12-20Colliver, J.D., Compton, W.M., Gfroerer, J.C., Condon, T., Projecting drug use among aging baby boomers in 2020 (2006) Ann Epidemiol, 16 (4), pp. 257-265Galduróz, J.C., Noto, A.R., Nappo, S.A., Carlini, E.A., Household survey on drug abuse in Brazil: Study involving the 107 major cities of the country-2001 (2005) Addict Behav, 30 (3), pp. 545-556Galduróz, J.C., Noto, A.R., Nappo, S.A., Carlini, E.L., First household survey on drug abuse in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1999: Principal findings (2003) Rev Paul Med, 121 (6), pp. 231-237Galvan, F.H., Caetano, R., Alcohol use and related problems among ethnic minorities in the United States (2003) Alcohol Res Health, 27 (1), pp. 87-94Mahalik, J.R., Burns, S.M., Syzdek, M., Masculinity and perceived normative health behaviors as predictors of men's health behaviors (2007) Soc Sci Med, 64 (11), pp. 2201-2209Markos, A.R., Alcohol and sexual behaviour (2005) Int J STD AIDS, 16 (2), pp. 123-127Michalak, L., Trocki, K., Bond, J., Religion and alcohol in the U.S. National Alcohol Survey: How important is religion for abstention and drinking? (2007) Drug Alcohol Depend, 87 (2-3), pp. 268-280Miller M. The dynamics of substance use and sex networks in HIV transmission. J Urban Health. 2003;80(4 Suppl 3):iii88-96Simoes, A.A., Bastos, F.I., Moreira, R.I., Lynch, K.G., Metzger, D.S., A randomized trial of audio computer and inperson interview to assess HIV risk among drug and alcohol users in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2006) J Subst Abuse Treat, 30 (3), pp. 237-243Strathdee, A.S., Bastos, F.I., (2002) Intertwining epidemics: Injection drug use and HIV infection, pp. 636-639. , Breslow L, editors. Encyclopedia of public health. Nova York: Macmillan;Widom, C.S., Marmorstein, N.R., White, H.R., Childhood victimization and illicit drug use in middle adulthood (2006) Psychol Addict Behav, 20 (4), pp. 394-403Zinberg, N.E., (1984) Drug, set and setting: The basis for controlled intoxicant use, , New Haven: Yale University Press;Zlotnick, C., Johnson, D.M., Stout, R.L., Zywiak, W.H., Johnson, J.E., Schneider, R.J., Childhood abuse and intake severity in alcohol disorder patients (2006) J Trauma Stress, 19 (6), pp. 949-95
