EVALUASI KINERJA PENGERING SALE PISANG TIPE RAK BERBAHAN BAKAR GAS

Abstract

The process of drying banana sale manually through direct drying under the sun has some obstacles often encountered among which the drying time too long in the rainy season resulting in low productivity, lack of hygiene and quality of material uniformity. The study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the dryer and changes in the texture of banana sale with rack typed dryer by air warmer box on stove using fuel gas. This study was conducted to know the change of drying air temperature, moisture content of bananas, the rate of drying, drying efficiency, heating efficiency, as well as changes in the mechanical properties of banana. The study was conducted in 3 variations of the air flow in a row at 0.0176 m3/s, 0.0194 m3/s, 0.0272 m3/s by giving several variations on the blower openings. The process of drying bananas performed for 400 minutes with a fuel capacity of 15 kg. From the results of evaluation of the performance of the dryer and changes in the texture of bananas is known that the average air temperature in the drying chamber when empty (without substance) is equal to 61.17°C for variation 1, 60.81°C for variation 2, and 60.54°C for variation 3. The average air temperature in the drying chamber when the material is equal to 58.52°C for variation 1, 57.04°C for variation 2, and 55.88°C for variation 3. The drying process can dry banana banana sale of the water content of 69.38% - 71.55% to approximately 17.88% - 24.4% within 400 minutes. Constant drying rate constants ranged between 0.647/min - 0,972/min and to decrease the drying rate ranged between 0.0092/min - 0.0177/min . Heating efficiency in the first variation of 15.9% , the second variation of 17.12%, and the third variation of 22.8%. On the drying efficiency variation 1 of 7.37%, the second variation of 6.6% , and the third variation of 5.97%. Rated voltage of material drying banana sale proceeds ranging between 0.0029N/mm2 - 0,656N/mm2. Material strain value of sale proceeds banana drying process ranged from 0.0173 to 0.04. The elasticity of the material of banana drying process results ranged from 0.111N/mm2 - 3,714N/mm2. The longer the drying time then the value of the voltage and the higher the elasticity, where as the lower strain values. Broke slew rate constants ranged from 0.0339/min - 0.00785/min