PERBANDINGAN KEJADIAN MUAL DAN MUNTAH PADA ANESTESI MIDAZOLAM 0,05 MG/KGBB IV - KETAMIN 0,3 MG/KGBB IV DAN MIDAZOLAM 0,05 MG/KGBB IV - PETHIDIN 2 MG/KGBB IV PADA TINDAKAN METODE OPERASI WANITA (MOW)

Abstract

Background: The incidence of nausea and vomiting in all types of surgery and patient population is estimated at 25-30%, even among patients who have a high risk for the occurrence of nausea and vomiting can reach 80%. The state of hypovolemia, hypoperfusion, hypoxemia have contributed to the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Midazolam is a sedative drug that has the benefit of preventing nausea and vomiting, but has the disadvantage that these drugs cause respiratory depression. Pethidine has advantages as an analgesic, has a faster onset than morphine when combined with midazolam, have good muscle relaxation. Ketamine has the advantage of being a powerful analgesic, sedative drugs, rapid onset (30 seconds), respiratory function and cardiovascular function is maintained, water soluble, stable and non-irritating. The purpose of the study: comparing between anesthesia with midazolam 0.05 mg / kg, ketamine 0.3 mg / kg and midazolam 0.05 mg/kg- pethidin 2 mg / kg in reducing the incidence of nausea and vomiting on famale sterilisation methode. Methods of research: study design using a double blind randomized trial. 54 study subjects who were divided into two groups: group A (midazolam 0.05 mg / kg iv ketamine + 0.3 mg / kg iv) and group B (midazolam 0.05 mg / kg iv + pethidin 2 mg / kg iv ). Inclusion criteria: Women do not smoke, do not have a history of motion sickness, physical status ASA I-II, aged 18-45 years, elective surgery procedures and BMI 18-25 kg/m2. Exclusion criteria: allergy to midazolam, ketamine and pethidi