This research is mainly based on the condition that export of fishery product from
Indonesia and others developing countries was faced on some of marketing problems
expecially tariff barrier (high and discriminative) and non tariff barriers (Sanitary and
Phytosanitary Measures/SPS and Technical Barrier to Trade/TBT) which more strict and
various in three major market (European Union, United States of America and Japan).
Both of this policy have been led to increase price of tuna export in developing countries
and decrease the competitiveness of Indonesia�s tuna commodity. The objective of this
study is to analyse the impact of implementation tariff and non-tariff policy also the other
factors on demand and competitiveness Indonesia�s tuna commodity.
Panel data was implemented in this research because beside used anually time
series data during the period 1983-2008 also used cross section data which describe the
demand and competitiveness condition of Indonesia�s tuna commodity in three major
market. Equation models in this research were estimated with Generalized Least Square (
GLS) method with fixed effect to analyse all of demand and competitiveness of export tuna
in three major market and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method to analyse demand and
competitiveness of export tuna in each market. Meanwhile the competitiveness of tuna is
measured using Revealed Comparatif Advantage (RCA) index.
The results show that export price in European union and shrimp price in Japan are
main factors the demand of Indonesia�s tuna export in three major market. The change of
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Japan has not been influenced the demand of Indonesia�s
tuna export to these country because Japan�s import of fishery product from Indonesia has
been done frequently and Indonesia�s market share is very high. Export tuna from
Indonesia is competing with export tuna from Thailand in European and Japan market
while with export tuna from Philippines in USA market. Tariff policy more reduce and
didn�t influenced on demand and competitiveness. This finding were confirmed by
significancy which more little than non-tariff policy. To increase both demand and
competitiveness Indonesia�s export tuna commodity, tarif and non-tariff policy must been
concerned by Indonesia�s exporte