The first step of renal lithiasis process is crystals formation.
Because of this link, a prospective study on the profile of urinary
crystals was conducted in Ouagadougou with the aim of describing
profiles of these crystals in the context of a Sahelian tropical
country. This study showed strong prevalence (78.69%) crystals within
the population from 15 to 59 years old. Male subjects were the most
concerned with 55.93 % prevalence. Among the crystals, we distinguished
those who were without compulsory pathological interest with strong
prevalence of the crystals of calcium oxalate (56.11%) and uric acid
(20.55%). Crystals with immediate pathological interest were bilirubin
(0.66%), the cystine (0.36%), leucine (0.06%) and tyrosine (0.06%).
Prevalence of crystals derived from drugs were sulfamides (0.18%) and
mycostatine (0.06%). Besides, 20.8% of the patients having urinary
crystals had urinary tract infection. Bacteriological analysis of
urines showed a presence of producing urease bacteria: Klebsiella
(12.96%), Proteus (3.0%), Enterobacter (1.66%) and, Pseudomonas
(1.66%). In conclusion, this work showed the interest to pay more
attention on urinary crystals. Indeed this study brought to light
crystals with compulsory pathological interest, in particular crystals
of bilirubin, cystine, leucine, tyrosine, evidence of abnormalities of
protein metabolism