This paper updates the previously published list (Figueiredo & Smith, 2010) of 876 epithets used in the genus Aloe L.(Asphodelaceae). A further 32 epithets are added to the list. Some epithets for which derivations could not be traced at the time are relisted here with their meaning. This addition brings to 908 the total number of unique epithets used in the genus at specific, subspecific and varietal ranks. The list of epithets provided here includes their dates of application, meaning and derivation

Figueiredo, E.

Smith, G.F.

Walker, Colin

English

Open Research Online (The Open University)

Open Research OnlineThe Open University’s repository of research publicationsand other research outputsWhat’s in a name: an update on epithets used in AloeL. (Asphodelaceae)Journal ItemHow to cite:Smith, G.F.; Walker, Colin and Figueiredo, E. (2011). What’s in a name: an update on epithets used in AloeL. (Asphodelaceae). Bradleya, 29 pp. 179–181.For guidance on citations see FAQs.c© 2011 The AuthorsVersion: Version of RecordLink(s) to article on publisher’s website:http://www.bcss.org.uk/brad29.phpCopyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyrightowners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policiespage.oro.open.ac.ukSummary: This paper updates the previously pub-lished list (Figueiredo & Smith, 2010) of 876 epi-thets used in the genus Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae).A further 32 epithets are added to the list.  Someepithets for which derivations could not be tracedat the time are relisted here with their meaning.This addition brings to 908 the total number ofunique epithets used in the genus at specific, sub-specific and varietal ranks.  The list of epithetsprovided here includes their dates of application,meaning and derivation. Zusammenfassung: Dieser Beitrag ergänzt diefrüher publizierte Liste (Figueiredo & Smith,2010) von 876 in der Gattung Aloe L.(Asphodelaceae) benutzten Epitheta.  Diese Listewird mit 32 weiteren Epitheta ergänzt.  Füreinige Epitheta, für welche seinerzeit dieAbleitung nicht in Erfahrung gebracht werdenkonnte, wird hier ein ergänzter Eintrag mit ihrerBedeutung gegeben.  Mit diesen Zusätzen zähltdie Liste nun 908 in der Gattung einmalig auf denRangstufen der Art, Unterart oder Varietätverwendeten Epitheta.  Die hier vorgelegte Listevon Epitheta enthält das Datum der Verwendung,die Bedeutung, und die Ableitung.IntroductionFigueiredo & Smith (2010) provided a list of 876epithets published in the genus Aloe L. (Aspho-delaceae) for species, subspecies and varieties.That list included the vast majority of epithetsused in the genus up to a loosely applied cut offdate of 2008, with only a few cases left unsolved.In a later publication (Grace et al., 2011) some ep-ithets were corrected.  Here we provide furthercorrections to, and an update of, the known epi-thets established in Aloe up to mid-2011.  A totalof a further 32 epithets are added to the list ofFigueiredo & Smith (2010).  These additions bringto 908 the total number of unique epithets used inthe genus at specific, subspecific and varietalranks.Corrections to the Figueiredo & Smith(2010) catalogue of epithets in AloeA derivation is now provided for the epithet mon-temartinii (Catalano, 1931).  In contrast, thename nowotnyi remains obscure in terms of theperson commemorated by this specific epithet.For a third epithet commemorating an undeter-mined person by the name of Marshall (marshal-lii) we now suggest the possibility that the epithetrefers to Guy Anstruther Knox Marshall (1871–1959), an entomologist who collected plants inSouth Africa in 1896 (Gunn & Codd, 1981), eventhough Marshall did not, apparently, collect thespecimen on which this new species was based,nor is he mentioned in the text accompanying theprotologue (Wood, 1897).  In a very few casesFigueiredo & Smith (2010) inadvertently includedincorrect information in their initial list, for ex-ample in the endings of some epithets (bernadet-teae, fleurentiniorum and tweedieae).  Theseendings were corrected by Carter et al. (2011) andare included in Appendix 1.179Bradleya 29/2011Bradleya 29/2011pages 179 – 181What’s in a name: an update on epithets used in Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae)Gideon F. Smith1, Colin C. Walker2 and Estrela Figueiredo31 Office of the Chief Director: Biosystematics Research & Biodiversity Collections, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa / H.G.W.J. Schweickerdt Herbarium, Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa and Centre for FunctionalEcology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-455 Coimbra, Portugal (email: g.smith@sanbi.org.za).2Dept. of Life Sciences, Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, England (email: c.c.walker@open.ac.uk).3Department of Botany, P.O.Box 77000, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, 6031 South Africa / Centre for Functional Ecology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra,3001-455 Coimbra, Portugal (email: estrelafigueiredo@hotmail.com).180 Bradleya 29/2011Recently published epithets in AloeMalagasy geographical names (with 10 new epi-thets) continue to predominate in the formation ofepithets in Aloe, adding yet further to potential fu-ture typographical errors.  The varietal name A. fievetii var. ambatofinandrahanensis J.-B.Castillon (Castillon, 2010) tops the chart as thelongest epithet published to date in Aloe with 22letters – how often is this going to be spelled in-correctly?! Another very recent source of possiblefuture confusion and error is likely to arise fromthe simultaneous publication of the species A. welmelensis Sebsebe & Nordal and A. weloensisSebsebe (Sebsebe et al., 2011).  These speciesoccur in the same country, Ethiopia, so surelymore different names could have been chosen? A plea to future authors is, therefore, to considerissues of correct orthography and apply simple,distinctive, easily remembered and spelt names,as in Adansonia za Baill., the scientific name of amajestic Madagascan baobab.  Incidentally, theshortest epithet in Aloe is currently the three-lettered eru (Figueiredo & Smith, 2010), whichrepresents a significant contrast to the exception-ally long and unwieldy ambatofinandrahanensis!The majority of the remaining names com-memorate people (males), which confirm our ob-servations on recent trends in naming aloes(Figueiredo & Smith, 2010).  One of the new names(A. johannis-philippei J.-B. Castillon) is the secondused to commemorate J.-P. Castillon (the first wasA. philippei J.-B. Castillon, published in 2005).  An-other name (A. bernardii J.-P. Castillon) commem-orates J.-B. Castillon, making this the 11th aloenamed after a member of the Castillon family, byanother member of the family, a situation that isprobably unique in plant nomenclature.  The epi-thet of one new combination, A. sharoniaeN.R.Crouch & Gideon F.Sm.  (Crouch & Smith,2011), commemorates a female conservationist,Sharon Louw, from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa,the only female commemorated in the new names.To give an overview of the total number of ep-ithets published for Aloe, the most recent surveyof the whole genus is that of Carter et al. (2011),in which 580 unique epithets are adopted forspecies, subspecies and varieties (24 of which areincluded in the Addenda of post-2008 names).  So,328 of the total of 908 epithets compiled byFigueiredo & Smith (2010) and here, have becomeredundant, which for a genus as large as Aloe isprobably not excessive, and undoubtedly more willfollow suit into synonymy as taxonomic activity inthis group shows no sign of slowing down.AcknowledgementsRoy Mottram is thanked for supplying literatureand advanced notification of publications in Cac-tusWorld and David Simpson, editor of Kew Bul-letin, assisted in supplying information on thepublication of Sebsebe et al. (2011).  An anony-mous referee is also thanked for constructive com-ments on a draft of this paper.ReferencesCARTER, S., LAVRANOS, J.J., NEWTON, L.E. &WALKER, C.C. (2011).  Aloes – The definitiveguide.  Kew Publishing/British Cactus & Suc-culent Society, London.CASTILLON, J.-B. (2010).  Description of two newMadagascan taxa in the genus Aloe (Aspho-delaceae); about Aloe mandotoensis J-B Castil-lon.  Cactus-Aventures Int. (85): 2−8.CASTILLON, J.-B. & CASTILLON, J.-P. (2010).  LesAloe de Madagascar/The Aloe of Madagascar.MSM Ltd, Île Maurice.CATALANO, G. (1931).  Una nuova specie di Aloe.Estratto dal Bol. Stud. Inform. R. GiardinoCol. Palermo, pp. 1–8, tab. [Published in ad-vance off-print in 1931, but later in Bol. Stud.Inform. R. Giardino Col. Palermo 12: 13–18 +tab., 1932.]CROUCH, N.R. & SMITH, G.F. (2011).  Aloe sharo-niae N.R.Crouch & Gideon F.Sm. (Aspho-delaceae): species rank for a leptoaloe fromKwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.  Bradleya 29:115–120.FIGUEIREDO, E. & SMITH, G.F. (2010).  What’s in aname: epithets in Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae) andwhat to call the next new species.  Bradleya28: 79–102.FIGUEIREDO, E. & SMITH, G.F. (2011).  Who’s in aname: eponymy of the name Aloe thompsoniaeGroenew., with notes on naming species afterpeople.  Bradleya 29: 121–124.GRACE, O., KLOPPER, R.R., FIGUEIREDO, E. &SMITH, G.F. (2011).  The aloe names book.Strelitzia 29.  South African National Biodi-versity Institute, Pretoria, and Royal BotanicGardens, Kew.GUNN, M. & CODD, L.E. (1981).  Botanical explor-ation of southern Africa.  Balkema, Cape Town.RAPER, P.E. (2004).  New dictionary of SouthAfrican place names.  Jonathan Ball Publish-ers, Johannesburg.SEBSEBE DEMISSEW, FRIIS, I., TESFAYE AWAS,WILKIN, P., WEBER, O., BACHMAN, S. & NORDAL, I.(2011).  Four new species of Aloe (Aloaceae)from Ethiopia, with notes on the ethics of de-scribing new taxa from foreign countries.  KewBull. 66: 111–121. WOOD, J.M. (1897).  New Natal plants.  J. Bot. 35:350–353.181Bradleya 29/2011*ambatofinandrahanensis – 2010 – For the occur-rence near the town of Ambatofinandrahana inMadagascar. *amboahangyensis – 2009 – For the city of Amboa-hangy in Madagascar.*angavoana – 2009 – For the occurrence in the An-gavo mountains, near Ankazobe in Madagascar. *antoetrana – 2011 – For the occurrence in the An-toetrana mountains in Madagascar. *benishangulana – 2011 – For the occurrence in theBenishangul-Gumuz Region of Ethiopia. bernadetteae – 2000 – Correction for bernadettae,named for Bernadette Castillon (Carter et al.,2011).*bernardii – 2011 – For Jean-Bernard Castillon, fa-ther of the author, retired French Professor ofMathematics at the University of La Réunion andco-author of a recent book on Madagascan aloes(Castillon & Castillon, 2010).*butiabana – 2011 – For the port of Butiabana onLake Albert, Uganda.*×buzairiensis – 2010 – For the occurrence on JabalBuzairi, Socotra.*darainensis – 2009 – For the occurrence not far fromthe town of Daraina in Madagascar.*esomonyensis – 2009 – For the village of Esomonyin Madagascar.fleurentiniorum – 1977 – Correction for fleurentino-rum, named for both Jacky and MartineFleurentin, for which the correct suffix is –iorum(Carter et al., 2011).*fontainei – 2009 – For Pierre Fontaine, an amateursucculent enthusiast who travelled with the author.*ghibensis – 2011 – For the occurrence in the GhibeGorge, Ethiopia.*hahnii – 2009 – For Dr Norbert Hahn, botanist andconservationist from the Limpopo Province, SouthAfrica.*itampoloana – 2009 – For the type locality on lime-stone cliffs near Itampolo in Madagascar.  (Note:this is a new, validly published epithet; the name isnow a synonym of A. acutissima subsp. itampolen-sis (Castillon & Castillon, 2010).)*johannis-philippei – 2009 – For Jean-PhilippeCastillon, son of the author, French Professor ofMathematics at the University of La Réunion andco-author of a recent book on Madagascan aloes(Castillon & Castillon, 2010).  *kamnelii – 2009 – For Mike Kamstra and Philip Nel,keen Aloe students and intrepid explorers from theWestern Cape, South Africa.*knersvlakensis – 2011 – For the occurrence in theKnersvlakte region, in the Western Cape Province,in South Africa.  (Note: the orthography ‘knersvlak’,rather than ‘knersvlakte’, is apparently intention-ally used for the locality name ‘Knersvlakte’, anarid region bounded by the Hardeveld in the west,the Bokkeveld Mountains in the east, the Kliprantein the north, and the Olifants River in the south(Raper, 2004).  However, some Afrikaans-speakingpeople would use ‘Knersvlak’ and ‘Knersvlakte’ in-terchangeably.  Additionally, the way the name‘Knersvlakte’ is sometimes pronounced, with asilent ‘-te’, is also reflected in the stem of the epithet, ‘knersvlak-’.)major – 2011 – For the size; latest re-use of the epithet.marshallii – 1897 – Possibly for Guy Anstruther KnoxMarshall (1871−1959), an entomologist and plantcollector in South Africa in 1896.*martialii – 2010 – For Henry Martial Castillon, fa-ther of Jean-Bernard Castillon and grandfather ofJean-Philippe Castillon, co-authors of a recent bookon Madagascan aloes (Castillon & Castillon, 2010).montemartinii – 1931 – For Luigi Montemartini,Director, Palermo botanical garden (1928–1939).*neilcrouchii – 2010 – For Professor Neil R. Crouch,ethnobotanist at the South African National Biodi-versity Institute in Durban and Professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University ofKwaZulu-Natal.*newtonii – 2009 – For Professor Len E. Newton,Kenya, specialist in African aloes and other succulents.*nicholsii – 2010 – For Mr Geoff Nichols, Durban,South Africa, who first collected the species.*rapanarivoi – 2009 – For S.H.J. Rapanarivo, head ofthe botanical department at the Tsimbazaza botan-ical and zoological park in Antananarivo, Madagascar. *seibanica – 2010 – For the occurrence on Kawr[Khor] Seiban, a mountainous part of the Hadhra-maut region in Yemen.*sharoniae – 2011 – For Mrs Sharon Louw of Eshowe,KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, whose fieldwork atBabanango helped focus the authors’ attention onthis species.*spinitriaggregata – 2011 – For the unusual arrange-ment of teeth (spines) in clusters of three on the leafmargins.*springatei-neumannii – 2011 – For the two inde-pendent collectors of the species, Lawrie Springateand Michael Neumann.*tegetiformis – 2011 – For the dense carpeting ormat-forming growth habit, from Latin ‘teges’ (rug,mat), ‘-formis’ (shaped).thompsoniae – 1936 – For Mrs. E.A. Thompson(1895–1991), from Haenertsberg, South Africa, whocollected it in c. 1930 (Figueiredo & Smith, 2011).*toliarana – 2009 – For the city of Toliara in Mada-gascar.*tongaensis – 2011 – For the occurrence in the Ton-galand area, in the KwaZulu-Natal Province, inSouth Africa.tweedieae – 1942 – Correction for tweediae, named forMrs Marjorie Tweedie (Carter et al., 2011).*wanalensis – 2011 – For Wanale Ridge, a spur of MtElgon close to the town of Mbale, Uganda, wherethis species was first found.*welmelensis – 2011 – For the Welmel River,Ethiopia, along which the species is distributed. *weloensis – 2011 – For the occurrence in the Welofloristic region, Ethiopia, with its central town,Dessie, the only known locality for the species.Appendix 1.  Epithets, dates when used and meaning (* = new since Figueiredo & Smith, 2010).

What's in a name: an update on epithets used in <i>Aloe</i> L. (Asphodelaceae)

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What's in a name: an update on epithets used in <i>Aloe</i> L. (Asphodelaceae)

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