Sermon regarding Christmas.  Delivered at the University Church of Johnson C. Smith University on December 17, 1939

Eujayl, I.A.

Strausbaugh, C.A.

Rhizomania caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and storage losses are serious sugar beet production problems.  To investigate the influence of BNYVV on storability, six sugar beet cultivars varying for resistance to BNYVV were grown in 2005 and 2006 in southern Idaho fields with and without BNYVV infested soil.  At harvest, samples from each cultivar were placed in an outdoor pile as a randomized complete block design with 4 reps in Twin Falls, ID and were removed on 40-day intervals starting the end of October.  After 144 and 142 days in storage, sugar reduction across cultivars averaged 20 and 13% without and 68 and 21% with BNYVV for the 2005 and 2006 roots, respectively.  In the December samplings, frozen root area was 1 and 2% without and 25 and 41% with BNYVV for the 2005 and 2006 roots, respectively.  Root rot was always worse with stored roots from BYNVV infested soil in December, January, and February samplings.  In another series of studies an indoor storage facility was utilized to generate a more uniform environment.  Research in this environment suggested this approach may lead to a more reliable cultivar screen for storability than work conducted outdoors.  Cultivars that performed well in these assays possessed both resistance to rhizomania and good storability

USDA - ARS - NWISRL

-~~"--'"INFLUENCEOF RHIZOMANIAON SUGARBEETSTORABILITY(arl Strausbaughand ImadEujaylIn southern Idaho much of the sugarbeet crop is storedfrom mid-October to mid-March. Approximately 1/3 ofthe crop is directly processed, 1/3 is held in short-termstorage and 1/3 is held in long-term (> 90 days) stor-age. To do well in storage, cultivars need resistance tostorage rot pathogens and a low respiration rate. In thepast, germplasm lines with storage rot resistance and lowrespiration were developed and released, but this researcharea was phased out because of the industry's decision toplace emphasis on physical methods, such as ventilationand freezing to reduce storage losses. However, recentresearch conducted by our group at Kimberly and othershas shown that losses due to disease problems initiatedin the field may lead to sugar loss in storage that can rivalor surpass that caused by respiration even when using thephysical methods to reduce losses.Our initial studies have focused on the influenceof rhizomania on sugarbeet storability. In these studies weutilized 5 leading rhizomania resistant commercial cultivarsand a susceptible check cultivar grown in infested and non-infested fields. Samples from these plots were placed inthe Twin Falls super pile from mid-October (in both 2005and 2006) to the end of February and sampled on 40day intervals. After 144 days in storage in 2005 and 142days in storage in 2006, sugar reduction across cultivarswas assessed. Roots from the non-infested fields lost anaverage of 20% and 13% of their sugar in 2005 and 2006,respectively. However, roots from the same cultivars inrhizomania infested fields lost 68% and 21% of their sugarin 2005 and 2006, respectively. During the 2006 storageseason, the sugar loss would likely have been much higherhad the weather not led to continuously below freezingtemperatures for most of December 2006 and January2007. In December samplings, frozen root surface areafigure 1. Conven1ionalnd trnnsgenicsug~iI!beetsamplesin onionbagseViifUaredforfungalgrowthin the PaulStorageFacilityonFeb1.2008.figgreZ.FungalgrowthofanundescribedBasid-iomyceftt(correlateswith sugarlossinstorage)extendingthroughonionbags.Hobosensorusedto:reconltemperaturealsoevidentinphoto.USDA-ARSNWISRL3793North3600East,Kimberly,ID 83341E-mail:carl.strausbaugh@ars.usda.govacross cultivars was I% and 2% for roots from noninfestedfields and 25% and 41% for roots from rhizomania infestedfields in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Root rot was alwaysworse with stored roots from rhizomania infested fieldsthan from disease free fields in December, January, andFebruary samplings both years.In another study, beets were placed on top of thecommercial roots in the indoor storage facility at Paul, IDto reduce the influence of environmental factors. By uti-lizing a more uniform environment, we hoped to developa reliable assayto screen cultivars for resistance to rhizo-mania and reduce storage losses. Preliminary data fromthe 2006 storage season with all commercial cultivarsgrown in a rhizomania infested field suggested the storagestudy provided a reliable screen for both rhizomania andstorability. If the differences prove repeatable, we shouldbe able to establish a reliable cultivar selection techniquebased on this research. To do well in this storage screen,cultivars must possess both good storability and resistanceto rhizomania. Preliminary evidence from indoor storageresearch with roots produced in rhizomania infested fieldsindicates that cultivars without good rhizomania resistancewill suffer greatly (sugar loss up to 80% - 90%) in storageregardless of their level of storability. Therefore, cultivarsthat perform well in storage must possess both rhizomaniaresistance and good storability. This data may also leadto a more sensitive screen for rhizomania resistance thanthe current approach of root assessment in the field. Weanticipate continuing our research on screening and select-ing new germplasm for storability of sugarbeet roots for theforeseeable future. This storage work will impact not onlyroots in long-term storage but also roots in short-termstorage since significant sugar loss could be documented in2005 by early December.~figure3.Fungalgrowthofanundescribedceteon rootsin commercialsugarbeetpileat thePaulIndoorStoragefacility.(undescribedBasidio-my .andBolIylis)oncommer-cia atthePaulIndoorStoragefacirrtyonMarch16,2007.BI1254

Influence of rhizomania on sugarbeet storability

Steele, Algernon Odell, 1900-1966

Johnson C. Smith University (JCSU): Digital Smith

Spirit of Christmas

Northwest Irrigation & Soils Research Laboratory Publications

https://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/id/eprint/1277/1/1254.pdf

Spirit of Christmas

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USDA - ARS - NWISRL

Johnson C. Smith University (JCSU): Digital Smith

Northwest Irrigation & Soils Research Laboratory Publications