The expression of chromosomal genes is regulated by posttranslational modification of both histone and nonhistone chromatin proteins and ATP-dependent remodeling of chromatin. Dysfunction of the modification and remodeling machineries can lead to several diseases, which include cancer, cardiac hypertrophy, and asthma. Many genetic diseases can also lead to malfunction of the machinery. The enzymes responsible for chromatin organization are the new targets for therapeutics. Inhibitors and activators of histone acetyltransferases and inhibitors of histone deacetylases may serve as new generation drugs
