Investigation into the mechanism of catalysis for the kinetic resolution of a,a-Disubstituted y-Hydroxy Esters

Abstract

The synthesis of enantioenriched, biologically active compounds is a vital area of interest for synthetic chemists. The lactone motif is found in several biologically important molecules, and the development of kinetic resolutions capable of producing enantioenriched lactones is important for the total synthesis of these types of compounds. The chiral Brønsted-acid catalyst, R-TRIP, has proven to be effective in producing enantioenriched a,a-disubstituted lactones with up to 94% ee. A study of the effects of varying electronic substituents on the kinetic resolution of a,a-disubstituted-?-hydroxy esters to produce enantioenriched ?-lactones is the focus of this study. The introduction of varying electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents in the para position of an a-Ph group is hypothesized to cause a change in the selectivity and rate of reaction through resonance, induction, hydrogen bonding and pi-stacking. This project seeks to broaden the scope and understanding of the catalyst-substrate interaction to improve upon this synthetic methodology. [This abstract has been edited to remove characters that will not display in this system. Please see the PDF for the full abstract.]]]> 2018 Esterification Esters $x Synthesis Esters$x Synthesis English http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Wilson_uncg_0154M_12503.pdf oai:libres.uncg.edu/23278 2018-07-10T14:19:31Z UNCG Grabbing him by the tweets: presidential parody as political activism NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro Wood, Olivia <![CDATA[It has never been easier for presidents to communicate directly with voters. Social media allows world leaders to post messages to their followers anytime, anywhere, without going through the traditional channels of speechwriters or public relations staff. Donald Trump in particular has become famous--and heavily criticized--for his unorthodox use of Twitter. This criticism has taken many forms, including a crop of Trump-themed parody accounts, tweeting in character as some version of the president. Political satire is nothing new, but social media platforms offer a new genre in which to do it. In this paper, I examine the parodic methods of five different Donald Trump parody accounts on Twitter and compare them to the rhetorical style of @realDonaldTrump. Methods of analysis included code frequency comparisons across accounts, code intersection patterns, word and phrase frequency comparisons, interviews with account owners, and comparative ethnography. Donald Trump parody accounts on Twitter sit at the intersections of new forms of presidential communication, new uses of digital media, and new strategies for activism. Analyzing their role at this crossroads necessitates considerations of genre, rhetorical situation, and the affordances of the platform. My research thus contributes to discussions of genre and digital rhetorical theory by examining our current political situation and how rhetors are employing digital strategies in this controversial real world setting. I approach this project with four research questions: 1) In what ways are different accounts parodying the president, and what rhetorical effects do each of these methods have? 2) What elements of the actual president’s real account do the parodies focus on? How do they differ linguistically from each other and from @realDonaldTrump? 3) How do parody accounts fit into the broader set of anti-Trump activism? 4) What political issues do the different accounts highlight, and what can readers gain from them (other than entertainment)? How do parody accounts communicate a message differently than other types of activism? My results provide a rhetorical picture of @realDonaldTrump’s Twitter activity in late May/early June of 2017 alongside the activities of his parodists, showing how the parodists view the president and which political issues the parodists find most important to discuss