We demonstrate that habitable Earth-mass planets and moons can exist in the
Kepler-16 system, known to host a Saturn-mass planet around a stellar binary,
by investigating their orbital stability in the standard and extended habitable
zone (HZ). We find that Earth-mass planets in satellite-like (S-type)orbits are
possible within the standard HZ in direct vicinity of Kepler-16b, thus
constituting habitable exomoons. However, Earth-mass planets cannot exist in
planetary-like (P-type) orbits around the two stellar components within the
standard HZ. Yet, P-type Earth-mass planets can exist superior to the Saturnian
planet in the extended HZ pertaining to considerably enhanced back-warming in
the planetary atmosphere if facilitated. We briefly discuss the potential
detectability of such habitable Earth-mass moons and planets positioned in
satellite and planetary orbits, respectively. The range of inferior and
superior P-type orbits in the HZ is between 0.657 to 0.71 AU and 0.95 to 1.02
AU, respectively.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Astrophysical Journal (in press