Guide to controlling grasshoppers with insecticides discusses a number of insecticides with suggested uses for rangeland, field crops, and precautions

Lofgren, John A.

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South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange SDSU Extension Leaflets SDSU Extension 3-1-1956 Control Grasshoppers with Insecticides John A. Lofgren Follow this and additional works at: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/extension_leaflets Recommended Citation Lofgren, John A., "Control Grasshoppers with Insecticides" (1956). SDSU Extension Leaflets. 179. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/extension_leaflets/179 This Pamphlet is brought to you for free and open access by the SDSU Extension at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in SDSU Extension Leaflets by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact michael.biondo@sdstate.edu. Extension Leaflet 172 March 1956 I ~ LINCOLN M EM( 111111~11~111 l'li~f l~~I ll~~[~U~lililllll Ill I  -.,ou t r. Dakota State Colle 3 157 4 50153 4314 8 e,--s.TTV gs s ' ou th Dakota control grasshoppers with insecticides AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE SOUTI-I DAKOTA STATE COLLEGE L' u...._s. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ..,30.,-6~ 5o87 /Vo. II<, (!. .;._ t ~ CONTROL GRASSHOPPERS WITH INSECTICIDES John A. Lofgren There are a number of insecticides which will effec-tively control grasshoppers. These are aldrin, chlor-dane, dieldrin, heptachlor and toxaphene. The choice of chemical to use will depend upon the crop to be treated, length of residual action desired and local availability. The insecticides may be applied as sprays or as dust. Generally, the sprays are more effective than are dusts and require a lower dosage per acre. The following dosages sh<?uld be used: Aldrin-2 to 4 ounces per acre Chlordane-½ to I pound per acre Dieldrin-1 to 2 ounces per acre Heptachlor-2 to 4 ounces per acre Toxaphene-1 to I½ pounds per acre These rates are in terms of actual insecticide per acre. If a dust is used increase the rate by one-half. Use the lower rates for young, newly-hatched grass-hoppers in short, dense, leafy vegetation. The higher dosages should be used in tall dense vegetation, when the ,hoppers are full grown, if the vegetation is dry, or when the temperatures are high. These chemicals are usually available in different formulations-oil solutions, emulsifiable concentrates, wettable powders, and dust. For the average low vol-ume, low gallonage farm sprayer only the emulsifiable form should be used. The oil solutions may be diluted with an oil such as diesel fuel and are used mainly in airplane spray equipment. The wettable powders are designed for use in high gallonage, high pressure spray-ers with mechanical agitation. The dust forms are to be used in dusters and applied dry. The table will help in calculating the amount of the various formulations to use. SUGGESTED USES To help you choose the proper chemical for the job the following suggestions are offered: : Rangeland-Experience has shown that very effec-tive control of range species of grasshoppers may be obtained with l ounce of dicldl i ii per :1cn.: applied in ½ to 1 gallon of diesel fuel by .airphme. The cost of the chemical fvr this tre:..1bnent is a fuw cents per acre. llange 'hopper control should be t:ndert:1ken when Formulation Amount to Use Per Acre Aldrin-2 pound per gallon emulsion concentrate _________ 3' to 1 pint Chlordane-4 lb. per gallon emulsion concentrate _________ ! pint to 1 quart 8 lb. per gallon emulsion concentrate ___ ½ to 1 pint 50% wettable powder ______ ·1 to 2 pounds ( in at least 35 gallons of water) 5% dus.._ __________ 20 to 30 pounds Dieldrin-1¼ lb. per gallon emulsion concentrate _________ 3~ to % pint Heptachlor-2 lb. per gallon emulsion concentrate _________ ¼ pint to 1 pint Toxaphene-6 lb. per gallon emulsion concentrate _________ !¼ pints to 1 quart 40% wettable powder 4 to 5 lbs. in at least 35 gal. water 10% dus.._ __________ lQ to 20 lbs. hatching of the predominant species of grasshoppers is completed and before they become full grown and lay eggs. Aldrin or heptachlor may also be used on range grasshoppers but the length of residual action is not as long; Under some conditions, this shorter residual ac-tion may be desired. The following guide should be used when spraying pastures grazed by milk cows or by meat animals being finished for slaughter: Aldrin-2 to 4 ounces per acre-w~tit 14 days before pasturing Dieldrin-1 ounce per acre-wait 30 days Heptachlor-2 to 4 ounces per acre-wait 7 days Field Crops-Most grasshoppers which attack cul-tivated crops invade these crops from field margins, fence rows and roadsides where eggs are deposited. The most satisfactory and economical control will be obtained by spraying these sources of infestations be-fore the insects move into the fields. This should be done just after the hatch is completed while the grass-hoppers are still very small and concentrated. These areas may also be sprayed in the fall when the 'hoppers are concentrating to lay eggs, but full grown grass-hoppers are harder to kill than young ones. If the grasshoppers have spread into a field from one or more edges they may b_e controlled by spraying the invaded area plus a band several yards wide be-yond the line of advance. If the insects have spread all through a field be-cause of migration or as a result of eggs being laid all through the field then the whole field should be treated. In the case of alfalfa, eggs are frequently laid throughout the field. These eggs usually hatch about the time the first hay crop is cut. If young grasshoppers become numerous at that time, treat the field before the regrowth is about six inches tall. Alfalfa to be graz-ed or cut for hay should be treated in such a way that residues are avoided. If the alfalfa is to be fed to dairy animals or to meat animals within 60 days of slaughter wait the following number of days after treatment before cutting: Aldrin-14 days; chlordane-21 days; dieldrin-30 days; heptachlor-7 days; toxaphene-40 days. Alfalfa in bloom should not be treated during the day because of danger to bees. If it is necessary to treat blooming alfalfa use only toxaphene between 7:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. when the bees are not working. Gardens and Yards-Gardens and yards may be protected from grasshoppe:rs by spraying or dusting the margins of the gardens to kill the pests before they move in. Edible vegetables shoulcl not be treated with chemicals which will leave harmful residues. Chlor-dane is usually available in small packages suitable for treating the margins of the garden. PRECAUTIONS Insecticides should be handled and applied accord-to directions. Do Not Overdose. Do not eat or smoke while mixing 'or applying sprays or dusts. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after using insecti-cides. If any chemical is spilled on the skin or clothing remove the soaked clothing and immediately wash the skin with ·soap and water. Do not wash with kerosene or gasoline. Store insecticides in a safe place away from children, pets and farm animals. Read and follow the information on the labels of the insecticide containers. 2M-l-58-5208 EXTENSION SERVICE, SOUTH DAKOTA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS BROOKINGS, SOUTH DAKOTA Published and distributed under Acts of Congress, May 8 and June 30, 1914, by the Agricultural Extension Service of the South Da-kota State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, Brookings, George I. Gilbertson, Director, U. S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. 

Control Grasshoppers with Insecticides

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Control Grasshoppers with Insecticides

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