The paper shows scientific substantiation and practical confirmation of possibility, application expediency and efficiency of the ultrasonic superficial plastic deformation in zones of welded connections after performance of welding works. For this purpose, a mathematical model to the process of superficial plastic deformation is represented, as the hypercycle of loading consisting of elementary cycles – impacts, we described the standard measurement devices. The technology is intended to use the manufacturing and repair of any metal walls in places of dimensional and structural nonuniformity, such as mechanical defects or a local thinning of a surface owing to corrosion, and the microcracks. The microcracks is influenced by the external forces and become zones of concentration of mechanical tension. Hardening in such places of the pipes walls and tanks working under pressure is effective for pipelines of an oil and gas, water supply systems, and also for caissons and tanks of other appointment. The scopes of technology include the repair of river and sea vessels, objects of oil production. The technology can be applied to improvement of operational characteristics of mechanical engineering and transport details, objects of energetic and construction: surfaces of a rolling motion and sliding of machines and devices, wheels of a rolling stock of railway transport, a metalwork of support of power lines, platforms and bridges for increases in resistance of fatigue at cyclic loadings, wear resistance and corrosion
