Ruthenium Dendrimers against Human Lymphoblastic Leukemia 1301 Cells

Abstract

Ruthenium atoms located in the surfaces of carbosilane dendrimers markedly increase their anti-tumor properties. Carbosilane dendrimers have been widely studied as carriers of drugs and genes owing to such characteristic features as monodispersity, stability, and multivalence. The presence of ruthenium in the dendrimer structure enhances their successful use in anti-cancer therapy. In this paper, the activity of dendrimers of generation 1 and 2 against 1301 cells was evaluated using Transmission Electron Microscopy, comet assay and Real Time PCR techniques. Additionally, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and changes of mitochondrial potential values were assessed. The results of the present study show that ruthenium dendrimers significantly decrease the viability of leukemia cells (1301) but show low toxicity to non-cancer cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cells—PBMCs). The in vitro test results indicate that the dendrimers injure the 1301 leukemia cells via the apoptosis pathway.Funding: This work was co-financed by the Project EUROPARTNER of Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (NAWA) and Pl-SK 2019–2020 bilateral project -PPN/BIL/2018/1/00150; supported by the project “NanoTENDO” granted by National Science Centre, Poland under the M-ERA.NET 2 of Horizon 2020 programme, project No: 685451. This research was also supported by grants from CTQ2017-86224-P (MINECO), consortiums IMMUNOTHERCAN-CM B2017/BMD-3733, NANODENDMED II-CM ref B2017/BMD-3703 and Project SBPLY/17/180501/000358 Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM). CIBER-BBN is an initiative funded by the VI National R&D&I Plan 2008–2011, IniciativaIngenio 2010, Consolider Program, CIBER Actions and financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund. Acknowledgments: N.S.d.O. wishes to thank JCCM for a predoctoral fellowship. This article is based upon work from COST Action CA17140 “Cancer Nanomedicine from the Bench to the Bedside” supported by COST(European Cooperation in Science and Technology)