GENEZIS OF RADICAL ISLAMIC IDEOLOGY (VII - XX CENTURIES)

Abstract

The problem of genesis of the ideology of radical Islamic organizations, is actually very important. That's why it is necessary to perform the development of the concept of political authority in Sunni Islam since the death of the prophet Muhammad to the early XX century, when was born the first modem radical Islamic organization the "Society of the Muslim Brothers" in Egypt. During the study, we conclude that the main cause of genesis of the ideology of radical Islamic organizations of the XX early XXI century was a fundamental divergence between the theories of Sunni Sharia and political practice. Theoretically, the head of the Muslim community Caliph should have full religious and political power in the community, but from the middle of VII century religious and political power in the Sunni community almost never focused in the same hands. This was, according to the ideologues of radical Islam, the cause of moral degradation of the Muslims, which led to the political decline of the world of Islam, which resulted in colonial dependence on Western countries. The basis for the research is based on analysis of the main sources of Islam the Qur'an and Sunnah and the writings of Muslim authors as Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ibn Taymiyyah and Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, that are used by radical Islamic organizations of the XX early XXI century as the base for their ideology. The study concludes that the ideology of radical Islamic organizations of the XX early XXI century is quite different from those of the sources it appeals to