Given the distinction between knowledge for understanding and knowledge for action, it is arguable that additional criteria should be considered in defining and promoting research excellence in development contexts. Research excellence for development is, or should be, rigorous, adhering to foundational standards of ethics, and as well, include knowledge for action – enhancing capacity building, and helping communities to create the capacity to act. The Mulheres Mil program (meaning a thousand strong women) successfully worked to improve women’s quality of family life, economic opportunities and greater participation in the political process