Phytochemicals potential of Cyperus rotundus Linn. root extract Kalimantan for treatment of Oral mucosa traumatic ulcer: "Healing process enhancement with Cyperus rotundus L. root"

Abstract

Abstract: Cyperus(C.) rotundus Linn(L.) root extract Kalimantan have been shown empirically for decades as a medicine for the treatment of toothache, swollen gums and thrush in the Island of Borneo (Kalimantan). This study was aimed to analyze the phytoconstituents of C. rotundus L. root extract and the effect of its concentration in inducing the expression of TGF-β 1 and the fibroblasts proliferation in the healing process of oral mucosa traumatic ulcer in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study with randomized post test only control group design. The gel extract of C. rotundus L. based 3% Natrium carboxymethyl celluose (CMC-Na) made by maceration method was used as treatment group while gel-based 3% CMC-Na was used for control group. Fortyeight rats were divided equally into two groups. Twenty-four rats were observed on day 5 and 24 others on day 7. Histological evaluation was performed by Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) stai ning for fibroblast and Immunohistochemistry(IHC) staining for TGF-β 1. Statistical analysis was performed using One Way Anova and Post Hoc Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test. Results:C. rotundus L. gel extract showed significant difference between the groups as a whole and between each group. The 4% was the best concentration compared to 2% and 8% of C. rotundus L. based 3% CMC-Na. There were strong correlation between TGF-β 1 expression and the number of fibroblasts. Conclusion: The concentration of four percent C. rotundus L. root extract Kalimantan, effectively increases the expression of TGF-?1, triggers migration and increases the proliferation of fibroblasts, which ultimately increases the amount of fibroblasts in the wound area