Published in “Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on
Location Based Services (LBS 2021)”, edited by Anahid Basiri, Georg
Gartner and Haosheng Huang, LBS 2021, 24-25 November 2021,
Glasgow, UK/online.Smartphones with dual-frequency multi-constellation GNSS
(Global Navigation Satellite Systems) receivers are now available on the
market. This study examines their usage in simple surveying tasks, such as
data acquisition for GIS, e.g. for a tree cadastre, lantern cadastre, traffic
signs, etc., as well as line documentation, such as for underground power
lines. For the experiments, the Pixel 5 from the manufacturer Google LLC is
chosen. Code and phase observations are recorded in different scenarios.
Evaluation in post-processing based on these observations in Single
Positioning (SPP) and Precise Positioning (PPP) mode are carried out. In
the analyses, the main focus is led on the achievable positioning accuracies
and resulting deviations from reference points serving as ground truth.
Apart from these parameters, other criteria, such as the measurement effort
and costs, quality, accuracy and repeatability of the measurements are
investigated. The results of the experiments indicate that the Pixel 5,
although it enables the recording of satellite data on two frequency bands,
can only be used to a limited extent in practical surveying tasks because it
does not meet the accuracy requirements on the centimeter level. The main
reason for this is the quite low quality of the observations. With long
observation times, however, results with a positioning accuracy of less than
half a meter are achievable with the smartphone. Thus, the Pixel 5 is
capable to achieve the requirements in terms of positioning accuracy and
reliability for applications such as data acquisition for Geographic
Information Systems (GIS) and especially in Location-based Services (LBS).42622