Roman, Monsi

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration
1
Program Manager, NASA’s 
Centennial Challenges
Monsi Roman
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20200001011 2020-03-28T19:08:03+00:00Z
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3
3
4Missions: 1 Year to 
6 months
Missions: 14- Days
Missions: Years?
5Some 
Assembly 
Required
Assembly Complete
Tranquility
2010
Kibo
Columbus
2008 Harmony
2007
Destiny
2001
Zarya/Unity
1998
6Some 
Assembly 
Required
Assembly Complete
Tranquility
2010
JEM
Columbus
2008 Harmony
2007
Destiny
2001
Zarya/Unity
1998
Node 1 Unity Module 
Ventilation/Filtration 
0 Permanent Crew
7Some 
Assembly 
Required
Assembly Complete
Tranquility
2010
JEM
Columbus
2008 Harmony
2007
Destiny
2001
Zarya/Unity
1998
Destiny/US Laboratory
Atmosphere Revitalization
3 Crew
Tranquility
2010
8
Some 
Assembly 
Required
Assembly CompleteJEM
Columbus
2008 Harmony
2007
Destiny
2001
Zarya/Unity
1998
Tranquility
2010
Harmony Node 2
Crew Quarters
4 Crew
9Some 
Assembly 
Required
Assembly Complete
Tranquility
2010
JEM
Columbus
2008 Harmony
2007
Destiny
2001
Zarya/Unity
1998
Destiny/US Laboratory
Oxygen Generation 
Assembly added 2006
4 Crew
10
Some 
Assembly 
Required
Assembly Complete
Tranquility
2010
JEM
Columbus
2008 Harmony
2007
Destiny
2001
Zarya/Unity
1998
Destiny/US Laboratory
Water Recovery System added 2008
6 Crew
Tranquility
2010
11
Some 
Assembly 
Required
Assembly CompleteJEM
Columbus
2008 Harmony
2007
Destiny
2001
Zarya/Unity
1998
Tranquility
2010
Tranquility Node 3
OGS & WRS relocated here; 
Sabatier added 2010
Double toilet stall 2019
6 Crew
12
National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration
13
Environmental Control and Life Support Systems (ECLS)
14
LIFE SUPPORT
Atmosphere 
Management
Water Management
Waste Management
ENVIRONMENTAL 
MONITORING
Pressure O2 & N2
Moisture
Particles
Microbes
Chemicals
Sound
FIRE SAFETY
Suppression
Detection
Cleanup
Protection
LOGISTICS
Tracking
Clothing
Packaging
Trash
Crew Required 
Capabilities
Suit Design
Physiological Inputs 
and Outputs
ConOps
Informatics
Injury & Risk 
Mitigation
Atmosphere 
/Prebreathe
EVA 
PHYSIOLOGY
COUNTER-
MEASURES
Exercise 
Equipment
Exercise 
Performance
Physiology 
Monitoring
RADIATION
Models & 
Forecasting
Monitoring
Shielding
EXPLORATION 
MEDICAL
Diagnostics
Treatment
FOOD AND 
NUTRITION
Pre-packaged Food 
Systems
Food Storage
Bioregenerative 
Food System
Dietary Tracking
Food Processing
Habitation Systems Capabilities
Habitation Systems
Life Support Systems Capability Areas Crew Health and Performance Capability Areas
National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration
15
Environmental Control and Life Support Systems
5-35270-10
Needs Effluents
Note: These values are based on an average metabolic rate of 136.7 W/person (11,200 BTU/person/day) and a respiration quotient of 0.87.
The values will be higher when activity levels are greater and for larger than average people. The respiration quotient is the molar ratio of CO2 generated to O2 consumed.
Human Needs and Effluents Mass Balance (per person per day)
Oxygen = 0.84 kg (1.84 lb)
Food Solids = 0.62 kg (1.36 lb)
Water in Food = 1.15 kg (2.54 lb)
Food Prep Water = 0.76 kg (1.67 lb)
Drink = 1.62 kg (3.56 lb)
Metabolized Water = 0.35 kg (0.76 lb)
Hand/Face Wash Water = 4.09 kg (9.00 lb)
Shower Water = 2.73 kg (6.00 lb)
Urinal Flush = 0.49 kg (1.09 lb)
Clothes Wash Water = 12.50 kg (27.50 lb)
Dish Wash Water = 5.45 kg (12.00 lb)
Total = 30.60 kg (67.32 lb)
Carbon Dioxide = 1.00 kg (2.20 lb)
Respiration & Perspiration 
Water = 2.28 kg (5.02 lb)
Food Preparation,
Latent Water = 0.036 kg (0.08 lb)
Urine = 1.50 kg (3.31 lb)
Urine Flush Water = 0.50 kg (1.09 lb)
Feces Water = 0.091 kg (0.20 lb)
Sweat Solids = 0.018 kg (0.04 lb)
Urine Solids = 0.059 kg (0.13 lb)
Feces Solids = 0.032 kg (0.07 lb)
Hygiene Water = 12.58 kg (27.68 lb)
Clothes Wash Water
Liquid = 11.90 kg (26.17 lb)
Latent = 0.60 kg (1.33 lb)
Total = 30.60 kg (67.32 lb)
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17
18
19
20
21
Ion Exchange Bed (removes reactor by-products)
Reactor
(oxidizes
organics)
Preheater
(heats water to 275F)
Regen. HX
(recovers heat)
Gas/Liquid
Separator
(removes
oxygen)
Particulate Filter Multifiltration Beds
(remove dissolved contaminants)
Mostly
Liquid
Separator
(removes air)
Filter
Pump
Wastewater
Tank
Product
Water
Tank
Delivery
Pump
Accumulator
O2
from 
Cabin
To cabin
to cabin
wastewater
to
water
bus
Heat
Exchanger
to/from
Reject Line
(allows reprocessing)
Microbial 
Check Valve
(disinfection)
C
C
Reactor Health
Sensor
(verifies reactor is 
operating w/n limits)
C
C
ISS Water Processor Assembly
22
Ion Exchange Bed (removes reactor by-products)
Reactor
(oxidizes
organics)
Preheater
(heats water to 275F)
Regen. HX
(recovers heat)
Gas/Liquid
Separator
(removes
oxygen)
Particulate Filter Multifiltration Beds
(remove dissolved contaminants)
Mostly
Liquid
Separator
(removes air)
Filter
Pump
Wastewater
Tank
Product
Water
Tank
Delivery
Pump
Accumulator
O2
from 
Cabin
To cabin
to cabin
wastewater
to
water
bus
Heat
Exchanger
to/from
Reject Line
(allows reprocessing)
Microbial 
Check Valve
(provides isolation)
C
C
Reactor Health
Sensor
(verifies reactor is 
operating w/n limits)
C
C
ISS Water Processor Assembly
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
It’s going 
to take all 
of us!
Questions?...


Explore Humans in Space

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