One of the challenges in future energy systems is the
massive use of high power converters that decouple new energy
sources from the AC power grid, disabling natural frequency
response. This situation decreases the total system inertia
affecting the ability of power system to overcome system
frequency's disturbances. It has been established by the wind
power industry a controller to enable inertial response on wind
turbines generators (WTG) enabling the frequency response:
Artificial, Emulated, Simulated, or Synthetic Inertia. However,
there is a clear lack of knowledge about activation scheme used
for these controllers and how they work in practical manner.
This paper proposes three activation schemes for synthetic
inertia on WTG based on full converters: (i) Continuously
Operating triggering, (ii) Under-frequency Trigger and (iii)
Maximum-Frequency Gradient Trigger. Simulations over a test
system are used for a preliminary evaluation of the proposed
activation schemes. The main contribution of this paper is the
three schemes to activate the synthetic inertia controller and the
simulations results that demonstrate under-frequency trigger
provides good dynamic response
