The Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of small towns water supply systems have been neglected in the
past in Ghana. This has affected the functionality of many water supply systems and impacted negatively on
the well-being of beneficiary communities. There is the need to redefine the roles and responsibilities of the
various actors involved in operation and maintenance. The government, because of heavy financial burdens
and efficiency problems, is gradually changing its role of “provider of services” to that of “facilitator of processes”.
Communities, therefore, have increasing responsibilities, not only in the operation and maintenance
of their water supply schemes, but also in the financial management of these systems. Some experiences and
best practices that have been learned are shared and recommendations made to enhance O&M
