International audienceA dissimilarity D on a finite set S is said to be Robinsonian if S can be totally ordered in such a way that, for every i<j<k,D(i,j)≤D(i,k) and D(j,k)≤D(i,k). Intuitively, D is Robinsonian if S can be represented by points on a line. Recognizing Robinsonian dissimilarities has many applications in se-riation and classification. In this paper, we present an optimal O(n2) algorithm to recognize Robinsonian dissimilarities, where n is the cardinal of S. Our result improves the already known algorithms