Candela, Leonardo

Lazzeri, Emma

Manghi, Paolo

Silvello, Gianmaria

English

Paolo Manghi

Leonardo Candela

Emma Lazzeri

Gianmaria Silvello

Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova

Original Citation:Digital Libraries: supporting Open Science - Report on the 15th Italian Research Conference on DigitalLibrariesACM PressPublisher:Published version:DOI:Terms of use:Open Access(Article begins on next page)This article is made available under terms and conditions applicable to Open Access Guidelines, as described athttp://www.unipd.it/download/file/fid/55401 (Italian only)Availability:This version is available at: 11577/3327045 since: 2020-02-21T11:34:39ZUniversità degli Studi di PadovaPadua Research Archive - Institutional RepositoryDigital Libraries: supporting Open ScienceReport on the 15th Italian Research Conference on Digital Libraries,IRCDL2019Paolo Manghi, Leonardo Candela,Emma LazzeriISTI - Consiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePisa, Italy{manghi, candela, lazzeri}@isti.cnr.itGianmaria SilvelloUniversity of PadovaPadua, Italysilvello@dei.unipd.it1. INTRODUCTIONThe Italian Research Conference on Digital Li-braries (IRCDL) is the annual Italian forum to dis-cuss research topics on Digital Libraries and re-lated technical, practical, and social issues. Alongthe years, IRCDL touched several aspects under-lying the “Digital Library” domain and promptlyadapted to the evolution of the field. Today, the“Digital Library” field includes theory and practicesreflecting the evolution of the role of libraries in thescholarly communication domain, and also embrac-ing scholarly communication and open science.The theme of IRCDL 2019 was “Digital Libraries:Supporting Open Science”. Three main reasons mo-tivated this theme: (i) science is increasingly be-coming digital, meaning that research is performedusing data services and digital tools; (ii) the resultsof the research are no longer just traditional sci-entific publications; (iii) the outcomes of scienceare increasingly encompassing datasets, software,and experiments. As digital artifacts, such prod-ucts can be shared and re-used together with thearticle, thus enabling comprehensive research as-sessment and various degrees of reproducibility ofscience. Positive consequences of this shift towardsOpen Science are: accelerating science, optimiz-ing the cost of research, fraud detection, and fully-fledged scientific reward. Digital Libraries are cen-tral in the evolution of research outputs by target-ing findability, preservation, interlinking, and re-useof research products and by integrating the compo-nents of the scholarly communication process.The conference has been organized in Pisa, andthe proceedings are published in the Springer CCISseries Vol. 988 [22]. Pre-print versions, researchdatasets, and research software relative to the ac-cepted contributions are accessible via Zenodo.org.11https://zenodo.org/communities/ircdl2. CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONSAll submitted contributions were peer-reviewedby three of the thirty-two members of the ProgramCommittee, and twenty-one were accepted, out ofwhich six were short papers. IRCDL comprised ofone invited speaker and six sessions.Invited talk: Citation in the Era of Big Data andOpen Source Software.Prof. Susan B. Davidson, Weiss Professor at theDept. of Computer and Information Science of theUniversity of Pennsylvania, USA, discussed the mostrecent developments in data and software citation.Citations are the cornerstone of knowledge propaga-tion in science and the principal means to assess thequality of research as well as to direct investmentsin science. We are transitioning towards the fourthparadigm of science where data and software areas vital to scientific progress as traditional publica-tions are. Nevertheless, there is no viable computa-tional method for citing data and software. Thus,to recognize the scientific contribution of develop-ers, data scientists, data curators, and data centersand to estimate the value of data. Prof. Davidsonpresented the main challenges, and the solutions thedatabase and digital library communities are sup-plying [11].Open Science and Open Access. This session dis-cussed on the issues originating from enacting OpenAccess and Open Science principles to the generalpublic and the research world. Lana [19] advocatedhow Information Literacy needs Open Access, forthe citizens to freely access high-quality informa-tion. Beamer [5] presented a methodology to op-timize the embracing of Open Science practices inacademic libraries. Fontanin [14] highlighted theOpen Access-related barriers – e.g., technical infras-tructures, points of access, digital and cultural di-vide – making the information potentially availablenot just to researchers, but to everyone.Open Science publishing and scientific workflows.The contributions in this session dealt with method-ologies, practices, and tools in support of publishingworkflows respecting Open Science principles. Latif[20] presented the work on EconStor, ZBW’s OpenAccess Repository, to enrich attribution metadataby linking to external authority data sources. Dosso[12] described the ”Learning to Cite” framework,for the creation of citation models to automaticallycite XML files and its application with a process oftransfer learning in the archival domain. Mizzaro[28] introduced an open-source software solution forthe implementation of crowdsourcing Peer Reviewmethodologies. Minelli [24] showcased the practi-cal application of the open scientific life-cycle modelproposed by the EcoNAOS (Ecological North Adri-atic Open Science Observatory System) project.Bardi [4] illustrated a framework for the descrip-tion, and peer review of research flows developed inthe OpenUp project.Text mining. Text mining techniques play a cru-cial role in Digital Libraries to automatically ex-tract information used to serve user’s needs bet-ter. Serra [26] proposed an approach to keyphraseextraction via an Attentive Model, a neural net-work designed to focus on the most relevant partsof data. Carducci [7] presented a system combin-ing standard and semantic learning for automat-ically annotating bibliographic records. Pandolfo[25] described how they built the semantic layer ofthe Pisudski Institute of America digital archive.Ferilli [13] described the work performed to extendthe BLA-BLA tool for learning linguistic resourcesby adding a Grammar Induction feature based onthe advanced process mining and management sys-tem WoMan. Petrocchi [9] presented a study per-formed on Google Shopping to showcase how largesearch engines apply query steering depending onthe user’s profile.Research Communities and Research Data. Researchcommunities and the way they manage research dataare increasingly becoming critical elements of dig-ital libraries. Witt [31] presented the RepositoryFinder tool, designed to help researchers in the do-main of Earth, space, and environmental sciencesat finding the thematic repository they need basedon a user-friendly wizard. Vezzani [30] presentedTriMED, a digital library of terminological recordsdesigned to satisfy the information needs of differentcategories of users within the healthcare field. Cas-tro described the results of two exploratory studies:in [27] the authors adopt a researcher-curator col-laborative approach involving researchers in meta-data description and discussing the use of genericand domain-oriented metadata; in [17] the authorsanalyze a data deposition workflow in CKAN us-ing a Dublin Core metadata model for non-expertusers. Luzi and Ruggieri [21] presented the OpenUpproject pilot on research data sharing, validation,and dissemination in Social Sciences, intending toinvestigate the applicability of peer review and/orOpen Peer Review to datasets in disciplines relatedto Social sciences.Information retrieval and discovery. The relation-ship between information retrieval and discoverywith digital libraries is long-standing. Fabris [1]presented a study exploring the relationships be-tween SIGIR Information Retrieval articles from 2003to 2017 with topics in the Digital Library domain.The goal is to identify trends and synergies be-tween the two research fields. Amelio [2] show-cased a study of the CAPTCHA usability whichanalyses the predictability of the solution time, alsocalled response time, to solve the Dice CAPTCHAand suggested strategies towards the achievementof the “optimal” CAPTCHA. Tardelli [10] intro-duced on-demand tools provided by the SoBigData.eu research infrastructure for user-driven monitor-ing of Twitter data and publishing of the resultsas research data. Hast [16] described a training-free word spotting algorithm to mine images of dig-itized historical handwritten material to enable textsearch across the collection. Metilli [23] presented acase-study based on the Wikidata knowledge baseexploring techniques to improve search functionali-ties by semi-automatically extracting narratives.Applications. The last session included contribu-tions about four application use-cases. Mannocci[18] presented DOIBoost, a version of the CrossRefmetadata collection enriched with ORCID and theMicrosoft Academic Graph, and Unpaywall madepublic in Zenodo.org, together with the softwarerequired to generate it. Foufoulas [15] presenteduser interfaces included in the Research CommunityDashboard service of OpenAIRE enabling users tofine-tune text mining algorithms over a 10M full-texts corpus. Bellotto and Bettella [6] illustratedthe experience of extending the metadata modelof the Phaidra repository (University of Wien) to-wards the MODS data model. Firmani and Nieddu[3] reported on the Codice Ratio project, deliver-ing a system taking advantage of character segmen-tation to support paleographers with tools for theminimal-effort transcription of large medieval manuscriptsfrom the Vatican Secret Archives.3. CONCLUSION AND PROSPECTThe research activities and results presented atIRCDL2019 give a clear indication of how activeand multifaceted Digital Library research is.A panel of experts2 was organized to start a dia-logue aiming at identifying research directions. Dig-ital Libraries have always supported two phases ofscience, namely sharing of “mature” research prod-ucts and discovery of published research products.Open Science has de facto revolutionized this modelthat conceptually separated the production of sci-ence from the publishing of science. For example,Research Infrastructures offer services constitutingthe “digital laboratory” where scientists are execut-ing their experiments while accessing and sharingtheir intermediate results with others.Two decades ago, the DELOS Grand Vision ofDigital Libraries challenges focused on “[. . . enabling]any citizen to access all human knowledge anytimeand anywhere, in a friendly, multimodal, efficientand effective way, by overcoming barriers of dis-tance, language, and culture and by using multi-ple Internet-connected devices” [29]. The advent ofOpen Science, together with the natural evolutiontowards digital science, has profoundly impactedon this vision. IRCDL2019 conference has widelyproven this statement, by highlighting strong in-terests in connecting digital library methods, tools,and services with thematic services for science andOpen Science challenges. The current scenario, al-though addressing the urgent requirements of dig-ital science (e.g. big research data, data-intensivescience, multi-disciplinarity), suffers from the down-sides arising when solutions originate from sponta-neous initiatives rather than overarching engineer-ing. The scholarly record is today kept in highlydistributed and poorly connected sources, operatedby publishers, research infrastructures, and institu-tions, adhering to heterogeneous publishing work-flows, publishing best practices, and standards.As remarked by Dr. C. Thanos in the final confer-ence panel on the Future of Digital Library research,digital library research should envision “a world inwhich all scientific literature, data and other re-search outcomes are on-line, open and interoper-able [. . . and seek for . . . ] the creation of discipline-specific and interdisciplinary interconnected schol-arly information spaces [. . . altogether forming a global2https://ircdl2019.isti.cnr.it/?page_id=371. . . ] Scholarly Record”. Literature, datasets, soft-ware, and other digital assets of science should re-side in resource-specific digital libraries (archives,repositories, databases), intended as active nodesin scholarly infrastructures [8]. To this aim, DigitalLibraries should act as critical elements of ResearchInfrastructures and Open Cyber-Scholarly Commu-nication Infrastructures, therefore flexibly adapt tosupport scientific communities at performing andpublishing science by managing any research asset.In summary, Digital Libraries have upgraded theirvest, their original intent, and are evolving to servedifferent actors. They should ambitiously act as anenabling service between scientists performing sci-ence, scientists publishing science, scholars, and sci-entists discovering scientific results, innovators ac-cessing science for industrial benefits, and officersin need of monitoring science.AcknowledgmentsWe desire to thank all those who contributed to theevent, especially our colleagues Costantino Thanosand Maristella Agosti for their advice. Special thanksare also due to the members of the program commit-tee whose research experience largely contributedto making this conference an attractive venue andvaluable experience. Our sincere gratitude goes toall participants, invited speakers and authors, whoseenthusiasm and vision constitute the soul of thisconference. This event was supported by OpenAIRE-Advance project (EU H2020 research and innova-tion program, grant agreement No. 777541).4. REFERENCES[1] M. Agosti, E. Fabris, and G. Silvello. Onsynergies between information retrieval anddigital libraries. In Manghi et al. [22], pp 3–17.[2] A. Amelio, R. Janković, D. Tanikić, and I. R.Draganov. Predicting the usability of the dicecaptcha via artificial neural network. InManghi et al. [22], pp 44–58.[3] S. Ammirati, D. Firmani, M. Maiorino,P. Merialdo, and E. Nieddu. In codice ratio:Machine transcription of medievalmanuscripts. In Manghi et al. [22], pp185–192.[4] A. Bardi, V. Casarosa, and P. Manghi.Foundations of a framework forpeer-reviewing the research flow. In Manghiet al. [22], pp 195–208.[5] J. E. Beamer. Digital libraries for openscience: Using a socio-technical interactionnetwork approach. In Manghi et al. [22], pp122–129.[6] A. Bellotto and C. Bettella. Metadata assemantic palimpsests: The case ofPHAIDRA@UNIPD. In Manghi et al. [22], pp167–184.[7] G. Carducci, M. Leontino, D. P. Radicioni,G. Bonino, E. Pasini, and P. Tripodi.Semantically aware text categorisation formetadata annotation. In Manghi et al. [22],pp 315–330.[8] D. Castelli, P. Manghi, and C. Thanos. Avision towards scientific communicationinfrastructures - on bridging the realms ofresearch digital libraries and scientific datacenters. Int. J. on Digital Libraries,13(3-4):155–169, 2013.[9] V. Cozza, V. T. Hoang, M. Petrocchi, andR. De Nicola. Transparency in keywordfaceted search: An investigation on googleshopping. In Manghi et al. [22], pp 29–43.[10] S. Cresci, S. Minutoli, L. Nizzoli, S. Tardelli,and M. Tesconi. Enriching digital librarieswith crowdsensed data. In Manghi et al. [22],pp 144–158.[11] S. B. Davidson, P. Buneman, D. Deutch,T. Milo, and G. Silvello. Data Citation: AComputational Challenge. In Proc. of the 36thACM PODS 2017, pp 1–4, 2017.[12] D. Dosso, G. Setti, and G. Silvello. Learningto cite: Transfer learning for digital archives.In Manghi et al. [22], pp 97–106.[13] S. Ferilli and S. Angelastro. Towards a processmining approach to grammar induction fordigital libraries. In Manghi et al. [22], pp291–303.[14] M. Fontanin and P. Castellucci. Water to thethirsty reflections on the ethical mission oflibraries and open access. In Manghi et al.[22], pp 61–71.[15] T. Giannakopoulos, Y. Foufoulas,H. Dimitropoulos, and N. Manola. Interactivetext analysis and information extraction. InManghi et al. [22], pp 340–350.[16] A. Hast, P. Cullhed, E. Vats, and M. Abrate.Making large collections of handwrittenmaterial easily accessible and searchable. InManghi et al. [22], pp 18–28.[17] Y. Karimova, J. A. Castro, and C. Ribeiro.Data deposit in a ckan repository: A dublincore-based simplified workflow. In Manghiet al. [22], pp 222–235.[18] S. La Bruzzo, P. Manghi, and A. Mannocci.Openaire’s doiboost - boosting crossref forresearch. In Manghi et al. [22], pp 133–143.[19] M. Lana. Information literacy needs openaccess or: Open access is not only forresearchers. In Manghi et al. [22], pp 236–247.[20] A. Latif, T. Borst, and K. Tochtermann.Collecting and controlling distributed researchinformation by linking to external authoritydata - a case study. In Manghi et al. [22], pp331–339.[21] D. Luzi, R. Ruggieri, and L. Pisacane. Theopenup pilot on research data sharing,validation and dissemination in socialsciences. In Manghi et al. [22], pp 248–258.[22] P. Manghi, L. Candela, and G. Silvello,editors. Proc. of the 15th Italian ResearchConference on Digital Libraries, IRCDL 2019,CCIS 988, Springer, 2019.[23] D. Metilli, V. Bartalesi, C. Meghini, andN. Aloia. Populating narratives usingwikidata events: An initial experiment. InManghi et al. [22], pp 159–166.[24] A. Minelli, A. Sarretta, A. Oggioni,C. Bergami, and A. Pugnetti. A practicalworkflow for an open scientific lifecycleproject: Econaos. In Manghi et al. [22], pp209–221.[25] L. Pandolfo, L. Pulina, and M. Zieliński.Exploring semantic archival collections: Thecase of pi lsudski institute of america. InManghi et al. [22], pp 107–121.[26] M. Passon, M. Comuzzo, G. Serra, andC. Tasso. Keyphrase extraction via anattentive model. In Manghi et al. [22], pp304–314.[27] J. Rodrigues, J. A. Castro, J. R. da Silva, andC. Ribeiro. Hands-on data publishing withresearchers: Five experiments with metadatain multiple domains. In Manghi et al. [22], pp274–288.[28] M. Soprano and S. Mizzaro. Crowdsourcingpeer review: As we may do. In Manghi et al.[22], pp 259–273.[29] C. Thanos and V. Casarosa. The key role ofthe DELOS Network of Excellence inestablishing Digital Libraries as a researchfield in Europe. LIBEER Quarterly,26(4):296–307, 2017.[30] F. Vezzani and G. M. Di Nunzio.Computational terminology in ehealth. InManghi et al. [22], pp 72–85.[31] M. Witt, S. Stall, R. Duerr, R. Plante,M. Fenner, R. Dasler, P. Cruse, S. Hou,R. Ulrich, and D. Kinkade. Connectingresearchers to data repositories in the earth,space, and environmental sciences. In Manghiet al. [22], pp 86–96.

Digital Libraries: supporting Open Science - Report on the 15th Italian Research Conference on Digital Libraries

https://www.research.unipd.it/bitstream/11577/3327045/1/2019_SIGMOD_Record.pdf

Digital Libraries: supporting Open Science - Report on the 15th Italian Research Conference on Digital Libraries

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova