Dontsova, A. A.

English

Tomsk State University Repository

550 of ethnic music and crafts «World of Siberia» is an excellent example of intercultural dialogue. Nobody imposes its culture, but only offer a peaceful coexistence and development.  References 1. Lyudi sozdayut drug druga [Electonny resurs] http: //school50.irkutsk.ru/sites/default/files/Doc/Biblioteka/kLASNIY_CHAS.pdf 2. Osnovnye napravleniya deyatelnosti UNESCO [Elektronny resurs] file: ///C: /Users/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C% D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C/Downloads/osnovnye-napravleniya-deyatelnosti-yunesko-na-sovremennom-etape%20(1).pdf 3. World of Siberia [Electonny resurs] http: //www.festmir.ru/en/   ЦЕРКОВНАЯ АРХИТЕКТУРА В ЗАРИСОВКАХ г. ТОМСКА 1920-х гг.  А.А. Донцова  В 1920-х гг. в Томске действовали государственные органы по охране памятников искусства и старины, которые занимались охраной археологических, художественных, музейных и архитек-турных объектов. В рамках охраны архитектурных памятников вы-являлись и ставились на учет особо ценные здания, а так же прово-дились их зарисовки и фотографирование. В это же время новая власть начинает активно реквизировать и полностью или частично уничтожать памятники церковной архитектуры, в том числе и в Томске. Некоторые из этих памятников были зарисованы. В насто-ящее время листы с их изображениями являются ценным историче-ским источником, позволяющим проиллюстрировать изменения внешнего облика зданий, и могут быть использованы для реставра-ционных работ.      551 CHURCH ARCHITECTURE IN TOMSK SKETCHES 1920-S.  A.A. Dontsova  Since 1920 State bodies for the protection of monuments of art and antiquities worked in Tomsk. They were engaged in the protection of archaeological, art, museums and architectural objects. Within the framework of the protection of architectural monuments subdivision elicited particularly valuable buildings and registrated. In addition, em-ployees of the subdivision photographed and sketched some of the buildings and their parts. Subdivision members were surveyed total about 50 streets and 517 objects were fixed. A collection of sketches, created in the process of research and preserving the city's architecture, is stored in the reserve collection of the Tomsk Regional Museum of Local Lore. The collection consists of 220 paintings, some of them are the views of church architecture. Some drawings were made in color. This facts makes them a unique source because the photos of the 1920-s were black and white, and archival materials contain only a verbal de-scription. In general, period of the 1920-s characterized by a hostile attitude to the authorities of the Russian Orthodox Church. New regime's policy was aimed at completing destruction of religion and the church, which naturally led to the destruction of specimens of church architecture. In the first years Soviet power did not restrict the rights of the Church so active because of lack of development of administrative structures. Lo-cal authorities do not always know how to apply the existing laws in practice. Initially, the emphasis was on the elimination of the economic base, steps in this direction followed by repression. Monasteries and churches began to close in Russia since 1918. From 1919–1920 this process acquired a mass character. Tomsk was not exception. On 17 December 1919 the persecution of the clergy who helped Kolchak army began. Since 1920 the Russian Orthodox Church buildings were requisitioned and fully or partially destroyed [1. P. 41]. In connection with these events, architectural sketches of church architecture 1920-s acquire an even greater value. The Bishop's house was requisitioned by oner. One of the drawings made by the artist Vnukov in 1920, shows a view of the chapel of the Bishops' house with Gentry Street (present Gagarina str.) (ТОКМ 1374). Initially the estate belonged to Tomsk Goldminer Astashev. In 1878 it 552 was bought by the Tomsk religious office for Bishop home. In 1879–1881 one of the buildings was reconstructed in family chapel. In March 1884 the family chapel was rebuilt and enlarged [2. P. 19–22]. In 1920 Vnukov sketch depicts this remodeled building with tall rounded windows, one apse and a stepped roof. On the roof of the turret still pre-sent with golden crosses. The roof and the dome are covered with metal, painted in green color. The building itself has a bright saturated color of the brickwork. In front of the trees grow. In April 1920, the Revolution-ary Committee of Tomsk nationalized the Bishop's house and closed the church. The building was handed over to provincial department of pub-lic education. Later in the bishops' house and the family chapel was or-ganized currently, the former bishop's house is located Tomsk Regional Museum of Local Lore, and indoor family chapel – organ hall of the Tomsk Philharmonic. The building lost its emerald color of roofs and gold crosses. In 2015, the trees were cut down, and there was a car park at their place. In another sketch Vnukov we can see, the bell tower of the church house looked like in 1920. (ТОКМ 1375). In 1886, when it had been just built, the walls were plastered in pale pink with white paint [2. P. 22]. This color of the building as seen from the drawing retained in the 1920's. Despite the fact that in April 1920 the church was closed and handed over to the Tomsk Board of Education, in September 1920 the bell tower still decorated golden crosses and the icon above the entrance. By the 1930s. the bell tower was completely destroyed and rebuilt only in 1991. [3. P. 310]. The whole building was repaired in 1988 [4. P. 3]. Currently the building is colored in yellow, and on the bell tower rises above the silvery spire. In addition to the former bishop's family chapel in 1920 Vnukov sketched a fine example of "Siberian baroque" – Resurrection Church (ТОКМ 1380). The church was founded in 1789. December 19, 1897 a huge "Tsar Bell" was raised on a free-standing to the west of the church bell tower. It was cast in Yaroslavl and had a diameter more than 4 meters and its total weight was 36684 pounds. In 1920 the church was nationalized. Just at this time it was depicted by Vnukov. Roof and bell tower at the time were painted in emerald green color at the top of glit-tering golden crosses. The belfry was blue domes. In 1930, the church belfry was removed by the "Tsar Bell", was divided into pieces and to-gether with the other bells Tomsk churches went to the smelter. In Au-gust 1936 the Church of the Resurrection was sealed and soon closed. 553 In 1937 there was an attempt of destruction of the church. But there was only demolished the church fence. The building of the closed Resurrec-tion Church was used as a warehouse, and later there was placed evacu-ated Far East Central Archives. In the 1980–1990-ies. the restoration of the church facades were made and its stone wall were restored. In 1995, the building was handed over to faithful. In 2004, the copy of the fa-mous bell had been raised at the new built belfry [5. P. 60]. Currently, the church walls are painted yellow, and the dome – in black. During this period, it closed not only the church but also the monas-teries. Alexis monastery was founded in Tomsk in the XVII century. The first city library was organized here. A theological seminary and the cemetery with the Elder Fyodor Kuzmich grave was there. In 1920 the monastery was closed, land was confiscated. Over time, the cemetery was destroyed and temple was ruined [6. P. 11]. Not casually the artist A.N. Tikhomirov in 1920 painted fence and the chapel of the monastery in the oppressive blue-black tones (ТОКМ 1351, ТОКМ 1362). The drawings illustrate apart from the appearance of the buildings a general feeling of sadness and anxiety, which increases overlooking crumbling plaster and blackened figure of an angel on a rickety weathervane. The monastery was opened again only in 1992. Thus, a collection of sketches of the Tomsk architecture is a valuable source for studying the history of Tomsk buildings and decorative fea-tures. In addition to the traditional wooden town houses, small architec-tural forms in the collection of samples present the church architecture. Sketches allow to illustrate the changes in the external appearance of buildings and can be used for restoration work.  References  1. Ovchinnikov V.A. Protsess likvidatsii pravoslavnykh monastyrei na yuge Zapadnoi Sibiri v 1918–1920-e gg. Vestnik KemGU, 2010, №4, pp. 41–46. (in Russian) 2. Andreeva E.A. Usad'ba I.D. Astasheva – Tomskii oblastnoi kraevedcheskii muzei. Tomsk: Izdatel'stvo Tomskogo universiteta, 2000, 47. (in Russian) 3. Dmitrienko N.M. Den' za dnem, god za godom: khronika zhizni Tomska v XVII–XX stoletiyakh. Tomsk: Izdatel'stvo Tomskogo univer-siteta, 2003, 345. (in Russian)  4. TOKM. F. 1. Op. 13. D. 175. 554 5. Karavaeva A.G. Voskresenskaya tserkov'. Tomsk ot A do Ya: kratkaya entsiklopediya goroda. Tomsk: NTL, 2004, 439. (in Russian) 6. Karavaeva A.G. Alekseevskii muzhskoi monastyr'. Tomsk ot A do Ya: kratkaya entsiklopediya goroda. Tomsk: NTL, 2004, 439. (in Russian)  СОХРАНЕНИЕ ТРАДИЦИОННОЙ КУХНИ  У УКРАИНЦЕВ ТОМСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ  А.Г. Воропаева  В статье обобщаются сведения об украинской кухне, сохранив-шейся в традициях пореформенных переселенцев из Украины кон-ца XIX – первой половины XX в. на территории современной Том-ской области. В основе традиционных блюд в рационе украинцев сохранились продукты земледелия и животноводства с небольшой поправкой на климатические особенности Западной Сибири. Ти-пичными блюдами по-прежнему являлись борщ, который имел разные варианты приготовления, а также крупы, колбасы и мучные изделия. Делается вывод, что кухня явилась самым устойчивым элементом культуры в условиях адаптации к новому месту житель-ства.  CONSERVATION OF TRADITIONAL CUISINE  BY UKRAINIANS IN TOMSK REGION   A.G. Voropaeva  Ukrainians are the one of the most numerous ethnic groups in Russia and in the Tomsk region. They rank the third place after the Russian and Tatar in the Tomsk region. Formed by Ukrainian settlers villages No-vorozhdestvenka, BolshoyTatosh currently preserved and some de-scendants of the Ukrainians still live in these villages. In time the culture has lost many of its features, but cuisine – the most stable component he culture. Descendants talk with great pleasure and pride about the food, which was prepared at the beginning of XX century. The basis of the Ukrainian cuisine were the farm produce. All informants said that their families cooked the traditional Ukrainian borsch – soup with meat, potatoes, 

Церковная архитектура в зарисовках г. Томска 1920-х гг.

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Церковная архитектура в зарисовках г. Томска 1920-х гг.

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