This is the author accepted manuscript.This is the abstract of the paper to be presented at the Advances in Sustainable Energy and Fuels conference, 23-24 April 2020, New York, USABritish CouncilScience & Technology Development Fund (STDF), Egyp

Akrami, M

Dibaj, M

Farmani, R

Fath, HES

Javadi, A

Negm, A

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Advances in Sustainable Energy and Fuels                                                                                              Apr 23-24, 2020    New York, USA   Using sustainable energy technologies for desalination in the Middle East and North African (MENA) countries  Mohammad Akrami1, Akbar A. Javadi1, Raziyeh Farmani1, Abdelazim Negm2, Mahdieh Dibaj1, Hassan E. S. Fath3  1 Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QF, United Kingdom                                                    2 Zagazig University, Zagaizg 44519, Egypt                                                                                                                          3 Egypt Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, Egypt     Abstract Sustainable development is mainly governed by applications of renewable energy resources for the inhabitants’ needs. Middle East and North African countries are facing water scarcity causing different types of insecurities to their access for food and water resources while the fresh groundwater resources are also insufficient for supplying the population demands. Considering the economic development, and also the population growth, additional water resources should be planned. Hence, desalination of the saline water is a suitable alternative solution for providing water resources [1]. While desalination requires energy for providing sufficient power, renewable technologies can provide sustainable and resilient supplies considering the intense solar energy such countries have.  Solar energy provides a paramount solution using Photovoltaics (PV) panels to generate electricity for large scale desalination plants based on Multi-stage flash (MSF) [2] or Multiple Effect distillation (MED) [3]. Also, the reverse osmosis (RO) techniques require high amount of energy to provide sufficient pressure for pushing saline water into the membranes which can be resourced from the renewable energy technologies directly, or indirectly from the sustainably powered grids. On the other hand, the high temperature of such countries provided a chance to use solar stills (SS) in order to convert saline water into potable resources which can also be used for the agricultural purposes, either open-source of horticultural activities. Since open-source agriculture demands huge amount of water resources, sustainable greenhouses were used in this study in order to increase the performance and decrease the demand for water using assigned solar stills (SS) on the greenhouses and deploying the Humidification Dehumidification (HDH) to circulate the water transpired from the plants. The energy needs for the pumps and condenser is achieved from the sustainable solar energy while the extra energy from the PV arrays can be stored in batteries or exporting to the national grids. The ventilation requirements are analysed using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model approaches to determine the optimal locations for the greenhouse vents cavity [4] and finding the shading requirements. The results of this study show how these technologies helped to generate sufficient freshwater using renewable energy technologies for the sustainable development of the countries in MENA region.   Acknowledgement  We acknowledge the British Council (BC) and Science & Technology Development Fund (STDF), Egypt for supporting this research paper through funding the project titled "A Novel Standalone Solar-Driven Agriculture Greenhouse - Desalination System: That Grows its Energy and Irrigation Water" via the Newton-Musharafa funding scheme (Grants ID: 332435306 from BC and ID 30771 from STDF.  Advances in Sustainable Energy and Fuels                                                                                              Apr 23-24, 2020    New York, USA  References  1. Fath, H.E., A.A. Javadi, M. Akrami, R. Farmani, A. Negm, and T. Mallick, A Novel stand-alone solar-powered agriculture greenhouse-desalination system; increasing sustainability and efficiency of greenhouses. 2019. 2. Khan, A.H., Desalination processes and multistage flash distillation practice. 1986: Elsevier New York. 3. Al-Shammiri, M. and M. Safar, Multi-effect distillation plants: state of the art. Desalination, 1999. 126(1-3): p. 45-59. 4. Akrami, M., A. Javadi, M. Hassanein, R. Farmani, G. Tabor, A. Negm, and H.E. Fath, Analysing greenhouse ventilation using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). 2019.   Biography:     Dr Mohammad Akrami is a postdoctoral research fellow at the University of Exeter doing his project for the standalone solar-driven agricultural greenhouses in partnership with the country of Egypt. His primary interests include managing the renewable energies for sustainable development.   • Full Name: Dr Mohammad Akrami • Personal Email: m.akrami@exeter.ac.uk • Mobile Number: +441392724543 • Category: E-Poster • Date of Birth: 26/02/1987 • Postal Address: Harrison Building, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, United Kingdom, EX4 4QF               

Using sustainable energy technologies for desalination in the Middle East and North African (MENA) countries

https://ore.exeter.ac.uk/repository/bitstream/10871/40662/1/Akrami-abstract-New%20York-2020.pdf

Using sustainable energy technologies for desalination in the Middle East and North African (MENA) countries

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