International audienceThe present research study is a theoretical reflection on the notion of a priori analysis in two different theories: the Theory of Didactical Situations (TDS) and the theory of Abstraction in Context (AiC). For both theories the epistemological perspective is of importance. The a priori analyses offered by the two theories are different. This difference reflects the different priorities of focus of analysis of both theories. The study demonstrates that, in their effort of networking theories, researchers of both theories will benefit of comparing their a priori analyses