Alexander, Susan

Berndt, Emily

Duran, Erika

Fuell, Kevin

Hain, Christopher

Miller, Christopher Chan

Naeger, Aaron R.

Newchurch, Mike

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

Application of Synthetic TEMPO Products at NASA SPoRT to Accelerate Use in 
Air Quality and Public Health Decision Support
Aaron R. Naeger1 , Mike Newchurch2, Emily Berndt3, Christopher Hain3, Susan Alexander4, Erika Duran1, Kevin Fuell1, Christopher Chan Miller5
1University of Alabama in Huntsville, Earth System Science Center, Huntsville, AL, 2University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Atmospheric Science, Huntsville, AL, 3NASA Marshall Space Flight Center,  Huntsville,
AL,4 University of Alabama in Huntsville, College of Nursing, Huntsville, AL, 5Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA
Synthetic TEMPO data will play a key role in our active engagement with end users & stakeholders during the pre -launch 
mission phase, as the synthetic products will promote day 1 readiness for TEMPO data and help realize regional and local 
applications of the mission. Ultimately, these activities will advance the Applications Readiness Level (ARL) of TEMPO 
data prior to launch. We aim to extend the synthetic dataset to more recent periods (post-2017) to conduct assessments with 
TROPOMI data. Our upcoming analysis of GEMS data will also provide a sneak peek into future TEMPO applications. 
1. Engage with spectrum of air-quality and public-health end users 
and stakeholders through outreach activities
2. Fully utilize synthetic TEMPO data for realizing local and 
regional applications and identifying needs of specialized / 
tailored products during pre-launch phase of the mission
3. Build framework for synthesizing TEMPO, GOES, and 
Multi-Angle Imager for Aerosols (MAIA) data for 
advancing air-quality and health applications
N
O
2
Valin et al. (ACP 2011)Morning Mid-day Afternoon
Bakersfield
Bakersfield Bakersfield Bakersfield
NO2 from 
smoke
Introduction & Motivation Synthetic Data Development 
• TEMPO will measure radiances in the UV (290-490 nm) and VIS 
(540-740 nm) with a spectral resolution and sampling of 0.6 and 0.2 
nm, respectively, for retrieving aerosol and cloud parameters, along 
with the major elements in tropospheric O3 chemistry cycle (Table 1)
• Multi-spectral capabilities from UV to VIS will help distinguish 
between boundary layer, free tropospheric, and stratospheric O3
Bakersfield Bakersfield
Figure 3. (top) 
Aircraft NO2 from 
09 and 16 UTC 
for a high NO2
transport event in 
January 2013. 
(bottom) CMAQ 
NO2 for about the 
same time. Figure 
adapted from 1st
TEMPO 
Applications 
Workshop (L. 
Valin, EPA).
Data courtesy of 
NASA GSFC (S. Janz)
Courtesy of 
EPA/NERL/CED
Figure 2. WRF-Chem simulation in July 2006 over the Four Corners Region at (a) 1 km, 
(b) 4 km, (c) 12 km, and (d) 24 km model resolution. NO2 column is averaged over a sub-
domain (white box). Adapted from Valin et al. (2011).
Figure 1. TEMPO Field of 
Regard (FOR) over the 
greater North America (blue 
box).  Scanning pattern of 
TEMPO highlighted by 
green box and arrow 
indicating scan direction.
Figure 4. Coverage of  future geostationary spectrometers.
Table 1. 
TEMPO 
baseline L2 
data products.
• High spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution of TEMPO will 
provide unprecedented daylight observations from space for 
effectively monitoring the diurnal varying emissions and chemistry 
that governs our air-quality conditions (Fig. 3)
• TEMPO mission is set to launch in March 2022, 
and will be hosted on a commercial 
geostationary communications satellite with a 
Field of Regard (FOR) over North America for 
allowing hourly daytime monitoring (Fig. 1)
• Monitoring will be accomplished at sub-urban scales with a spatial 
resolution of 2.1 x 4.7 km at the center of FOR (Fig. 2)
• Complementary GEMS (to be launched 
March 2020) and Sentinel-4 (2023) 
will provide robust coverage across 
populated areas over Northern 
Hemisphere (Fig. 4).
TEMPO Applications 
Figure 5. GEOS-
Chem simulated 
H2CO (left) versus 
aircraft retrievals of 
H2CO (right) (Zhu et 
al., 2014).
• Synthetic TEMPO data generated from simulated gaseous and  
aerosol composition from GEOS-Nature Run (GEOS-NR)
• GEOS-NR spatial resolution of ~12 x 12 km2 spatiotemporally 
interpolated to finer TEMPO grid
• Profiles and vertical column amounts of species                   
obtained from interpolation and algorithm effects 
• GEOS-Chem has been extensively validated during the NOAA 
Southeast Nexus (SENEX) and NASA Studies of Emissions and 
Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by 
Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) campaigns, which provides 
evidence of the realism of the synthetic TEMPO dataset 
Methodology 
• NASA SPoRT has successfully transitioned 
unique observations from more than 40 
satellite datasets to operational end users 
using established R2O/O2R paradigm that  
engages in solving forecast problems
Figure 6. NASA SPoRT R2O/O2R paradigm
Keys to successful day 1 readiness
➢ Data in end users’ display system
➢ Targeted training
➢ Assessments to gather feedback 
from users for mission scientists
Pre-launch R2O/O2R 
activities can provide 
valuable input to 
mission scientists, 
algorithm developers, 
and guide  
products/capabilities
Figure 7. Synthetic TEMPO 
column NO2 displayed in Esri
ArcGIS platform at NASA SPoRT
NO2 from 
coal plants
• Users can retrieve 
geophysical values 
at pixel level for 
on-the-fly analysis 
aaron.naeger@nasa.gov
GH21B-1197
Figure 8. Synthetic TEMPO data products at ~1530 UTC 9 August 2013 including (left) tropospheric NO2 and (right) tropospheric O3. The 
complete FOR coverage shown here consists of 10 granules of individual data files that were stitched together. Cloud fraction from GEOS-NR 
is used to mask possible cloud contaminated pixels for tropospheric O3.
• Synthetic file 
formats are identical 
to files planned for 
operational mission
• Ability to observe 
diurnal evolution of 
trace gases over 
FOR
Figure 9. (left) Synthetic 
TEMPO tropospheric NO2
at 2-h increments from 13-
23 UTC 9 August 2013. 
(above) Daily OMI 
tropospheric NO2 for the 
same day.
• Larger, more intense fires are a growing 
concern in our warming climate (Flannigan et 
al., 2013)
➢ TEMPO will dramatically increase our 
capabilities to monitor biomass burning 
emissions and chemistry within smoke 
plumes through suite of hourly trace gases 
retrievals (NO2, O3, H2CO)
Figure 10. (left) 
Synthetic TEMPO 
tropospheric NO2 at 2-
h increments from 13-
23 UTC 13 August 
2013. (top right) Daily 
OMI tropospheric NO2
for the same day.
➢ Improved 
characterization of 
mobile source 
emissions will be 
realized from 
TEMPO data
➢ More robust source 
attribution studies 
by tracking 
emissions and 
transport in 
polluted regions
Biomass burning  
Mobile source emissions 
and attribution Improved 
point-source 
inventories
➢ Revolutionary 
monitoring of 
evolving pollution 
from point sources 
(e.g., industrial 
plants, oil fields)   
➢ Significantly 
improved pollution 
inventories can lead 
to more realistic air 
quality forecasts
CA
Montana
Idaho
Montana
Idaho
Montana
Idaho
Montana
Idaho
Montana
Idaho
Montana
Idaho
TEMPO
13 UTC 15 UTC 17 UTC
19 UTC 21 UTC 23 UTC
OMI
Idaho
TEMPO
13 UTC 15 UTC 17 UTC
19 UTC 21 UTC 23 UTC
NO2 O3
Figure 11. Synthetic TEMPO tropospheric NO2 in morning, midday, 
and evening over Alberta, Canada on 2 August 2013. 
Vegetation damage & O3
• Vegetation damage from 
O3 amounts to several 
billion $ per year in U.S. 
(McGrath et al., 2015)
➢ Detailed studies on O3
impacts on vegetation 
from TEMPO data  
OMI
Nevada
CA
Los 
Angeles
Nevada
CA
Los 
Angeles
Nevada
CA
Los 
Angeles
Nevada
CA
Los 
Angeles
Nevada
CA
Los 
Angeles
Nevada
CA
Los 
Angeles
Nevada
CA
Fires
Fires
Fires
Mobile
15 UTC 18 UTC 23 UTC
O3H2O
Figure 12. (left) Synthetic TEMPO tropospheric H2O 
and (right) O3 at ~2347 UTC 13 August 2013. 
Oil Sands Oil Sands Oil Sands
Industrial 
Plants
Industrial 
Plants
Alberta Alberta Alberta
Nevada
CA
Nevada
CA
(TEMPO source code 
courtesy of C. Chan 
Miller, Harvard)
A subset of TEMPO applications are shown 
here. A detailed list can be found in the 
TEMPO Green paper (Kelly et al., 2019)
Summary and Future Work
https://weather.msfc.nasa.gov/tempo/
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https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20190033914 2020-03-11T13:40:45+00:00Z


Application of Synthetic TEMPO Products at NASA SPoRT to Accelerate Use in Air Quality and Public Health Decision Support

Application of Synthetic TEMPO Products at NASA SPoRT to Accelerate Use in Air Quality and Public Health Decision Support

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