Syncretisms of heritage institutions in Bosnia-Herzegovina: contribution to scientific valorisation of their historical and current relationships

Abstract

Tradicija, kao i aktuelna praksa baštinskih ustanova u Bosni i Hercegovini, kao svoje kontinuirano obilježje pokazuje odlike sličnih razvojnih obrazaca, ali i tekućih praksi između najdominantnijih predstavnika ba-štinskih ustanova današnjice – arhiva, biblioteka i muzeja. Konvergirane prakse baštinskih ustanova uopće pronalaze se kroz cjelokupnu njihovu historiju, kako na općem, globalnom, tako i na bosanskohercegovačkom, dakle, partikularnom nivou. Iako su posve vidljivi paralelizmi, ali i specifičnosti u tradiciji te u aktuelnom djelovanju baštinskih ustanova u Bosni i Hercegovini, u bosanskohercegovačkoj naučnoj publicistici očita je praznina u bavljenju uporednim proučavanjem međuodnosa najrazvijenih baštinskih ustanova ovog prostora, kako u njihovoj dijahronijskoj, tako i u sinhronijskoj perspektivi. I pored toga što su jedinstvena historijska ishodišta, kao i kasnija oslanjanja te konvergiranje ustanova jednih s drugima potpuno razvidna i na primjerima prošlosti bosanskohercegovačkih biblioteka, arhiva i muzeja, stvarni sinkretizam ustanova danas je još očitiji – nerijetko potaknut promjenama u širem informacijsko-komunikacijskom okruženju, ali i izmijenjenim očekivanjima korisnika. Interdisciplinarni pojam sinkretizma u predmetnom radu koristi se u svojem prenesenom smislu, opisujući procese razvoja baštinskih ustanova iz zajedničkih ishodišta, ali i njihova kasnija približavanja kroz pojave kakve su: zamjenska uloga jedne baštinske ustanove do formiranja druge, jedinstveno čuvanje baštinske građe bez institucionalne podjele, objedinjeno djelovanje arhiva, biblioteka i muzeja “pod jednim krovom”, sve do zajedničkih digitalizacijskih projekata, okupljanja baštinske profesije unutar zajedničkih profesionalnih organizacija, kao i, na kraju, pitanja zajedničkih akademskih programa, koji pod generičkim pojmom informacijskih nauka integriraju tri istaknute baštinske discipline i u ovim okvirima. Stoga predmetni rad ima za cilj doprinijeti naučnoj valorizaciji veza između bosanskohercegovačkih baštinskih ustanova i profesija kako u prošlosti, tako i sve do danas.Tradition but also the current practice of heritage institutions in Bosnia-Herzegovina show, as their continuous characteristics, similar developmental patterns, but also complement current practices between the most prominent representatives of heritage institutions of today – archives, libraries and museums. Converged practices of heritage institutions are found throughout their whole history, both at the general, global level, but also at the Bosnian-Herzegovinian, particular level. Despite the obvious parallelisms, but also specifics in tradition and activities of heritage institutions in Bosnia-Herzegovina, in Bosnian-Herzegovinian science-publishing there is an obvious gap in comparative studies related to interrelations between the most developed heritage institutions of this area, in their diachronic but also synchronic perspectives. Despite the fact that unique historical origin but also later reliance and convergence between these institutions are obvious in the case of the past of Bosnian-Herzegovinian libraries, archives and museums, actual institutions’ syncretism is even more obvious today – often encouraged by changes in wider information and communication environment, but also by changed users’ expectations. An interdisciplinary notion of syncretism in this paper is used in its metaphorical sense, describing processes of the development of heritage institutions from their common origins, but also their later convergence trough processes such as: replacement role of one heritage institution until the establishment of the other one, joint storing of heritage materials without institutional division, integrated activity of archives, libraries and museums “under one roof”, all the way to the joint digitization projects, gathering heritage profession under joint professional organizations, as well as, at the end, the joint academic degree programmes, which, under the generic term of information sciences, are integrating these three prominent heritage disciplines within this framework. Therefore, the paper aims to contribute to the scientific valorisation of interrelations between Bosnian-Herzegovinian heritage institutions, both in the past and present time