Low potassium (K) in topsoils and subsoils is common in the grains belt of West Australia (Weaver and Wong 2011). Frost is increasing in frequency and severity during the spring coinciding with the young microspore stage of pollen development, and is manifest as severe grain yield loss from frost-induced sterility. Our aim was to determine whether K increased wheat crop tolerance to frost during early pollen development and whether this was related to internal K concentrations