Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The infection usually results
from a traumatic injury and inoculation of microorganism from a specific group of dematiaceous fungi (usually
Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Cladophialophora carrionii). In the tissues fungi produce characteristic
sclerotic cells or muriform cells. Dermal lesions can range from small nodules to large papillary-like eruptions. The
disease has been described worldwide but the prevalence is higher in rural populations in countries with a tropical
or subtropical climate, such as Madagascar in Africa and Brazil in South America. Diagnostic techniques are based
on direct examination, culture and histopathology. Despite a variety of treatment modalities, which include long
courses of antifungals, surgical excision and destructive physical therapies, the disease remains one of the most
difficult deep mycotic infections to eradicate
