Bebber, Christina M

Buckley, Niall A

Farivar, Negin

Longo, Joseph

Pemberton, James M

Pogmore, Justin

Resetca, Diana

Rincón, María G

Venkatraman, Anusha

Apollo (Cambridge)

Pogmore et al. Cell Death and Disease          (2019) 10:926 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-019-2166-0 Cell Death & DiseaseMEET ING REPORT Open Ac ce s s11th Tuscany Retreat on Cancer Research andApoptosis: Genetic proﬁling, resistancemechanisms and novel treatment concepts incancer and neurodegenerationJustin Pogmore1,2, Joseph Longo 3,4, Diana Resetca3,4, Negin Farivar5,6, Niall A. Buckley7, María G. Rincón8,9,10,Christina M. Bebber11,12,13, Anusha Venkatraman8,9,10 and James M. Pemberton1,4For the 11th time, an international assembly of scien-tists gathered in the medieval castle of Palazzo di Piero,near the town of Chiusi, Italy, to exchange ideas andpresent their research. The opening presentation wasgiven by Brent Derry (SickKids, Canada), who showedthat alternative polyadenylation regulates oncogenic Rasin both C. elegans and human cancer cells. His student,Matthew Eroglu, showcased that genes mstr-1 and mstr-2are essential for cells to make proper fate decisions. GuyTaichman, student of Oded Rechavi (Tel Aviv University,Israel), showed that stress causes a resetting of heritableRNAi in C. elegans.Ivano Amelio (University of Cambridge, UK) identiﬁedthat mutant p53 interacts with HIF1α and alters chro-matin accessibility/architecture. Emanuele Panatta of theMelino group generated a p73 C-terminal domain mutantmouse demonstrating that this region is necessary forproper neurological developmental. Niall Buckley, studentof Dr. Melino, showed that p73 has important function inthe development of epithelial cell cilia, while María Rin-cón, student of Christoph Borner, reported that lungepithelial cells treated with Gliotoxin and GSK-3 inhibi-tors display inhibited caspase-3 activation and high LDHrelease.Silvia von Karstedt (University of Cologne, Germany)showed that ferroptosis may represent a means ofselection in human cancers. Dr. von Karstedt’s studentsthen followed; Christina Bebber highlighted that respon-siveness to ferroptosis is dependent on ASCL-1. FabienneMüller showcased MEFs models harboring differentKRAS point mutations exhibit differential ferroptosissensitivities. Moreover, Laura Prieto-Clemente demon-strated a novel role of mitochondria in regulatingferroptosis.Revuen Stein (Tel Aviv University, Israel) proposed totarget CAFs in glioma by using an inhibitor of CD38. Hisstudents, Or Ganon and Kaveri Banerjee, presented datato suggest an unusual distribution of microglia andmacrophages in a mouse model of glioma. Barak Rotblat(Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel) presented hisresearch on newly identiﬁed cancer cell vulnerabilitiesunder glucose starvation. His student, Tal Levy, demon-strated that glioblastoma cells under glucose starvationhighly depend on 4EBP1, a repressor of proteintranslation.Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski (Tel Aviv University, Israel)and her student Rawan Bassal presented their research onthe role of autophagy in Alzheimer’s disease and neuro-degeneration. Other trainees in the Pinkas-Kramarskigroup (Hanan Abu Taha, Eya Wolfson, and AdvaKochavi) showcased their work on the ErbB family ofreceptors in cancer, with a focus on disrupting thecrosstalk between ErbB, Ras and Nucleolin with smallmolecule inhibitors.Hartmut Juhl (Indivumed, Germany), introduced theIndivutype platform, which combines genomic, tran-scriptomic, microRNA and proteomic datasets from high-quality cancer biospecimens. John Babcook (Zymeworks,© The Author(s) 2019OpenAccessThis article is licensedunder aCreativeCommonsAttribution 4.0 International License,whichpermits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproductionin any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate ifchangesweremade. The images or other third partymaterial in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to thematerial. Ifmaterial is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtainpermission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Correspondence: James M. Pemberton (james.pemberton@mail.utoronto.ca)1Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5,Canada2Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7,CanadaFull list of author information is available at the end of the article.Ofﬁcial journal of the Cell Death Differentiation Association1234567890():,;1234567890():,;1234567890():,;1234567890():,;Canada) introduced the novel Azymetric™ platform forthe development of IgG-like bispeciﬁc antibodies for thetargeting of synergistic drug targets.Gerry Melino (University of Cambridge, UK) showcasedthe dynamic modulation of expression of the ZNF281 zincﬁnger protein at the DNA damage site during genotoxicstress. Massimiliano Agostini (University of Tor Vergata,Italy) presented the role of the transcription factorZNF750 in terminal differentiation of the epidermis. Hisstudent, Consuelo Pitolli, presented on the role of thetranscription factor ZNF281 in neuroblastoma. LukasPeintner presented his work on the regulation of DNAdamage response in monogenic polycystic kidney disease,proving that loss of polycystin-1 severely impacts Bcl2family regulation and DNA repair.Anne Hamacher-Brady (Johns Hopkins University,USA) described that during BAX-mediated MOMP,mitochondria are targeted by endolysosomal vesicles, andthat these inter-organelle interactions are fundamental toBAX pore formation in cells. Liora Lindenboim demon-strated that Bax interacts with the nuclear cytoskeletonvia interaction with Nesprin proteins and the LINCcomplex. David Andrews (Sunnybrook Research Institute,Canada) explained how AI analysis of microscopy datacan be used to evaluate apoptosis and other cell responses,emphasizing potential utility in precision medicine. Hisstudent, Justin Pogmore, presented his work on pharma-cologically targeting Bax, while James Pemberton sug-gested that the mechanism of Puma could explain howneurons commit to either death or axon degeneration.Christoph Borner (University of Freiburg, Germany),showcased a novel interaction between Hexokinase-1and Puma.Linda Penn (University Health Network, Canada) andher student Diana Resetca presented the use of MYC-BioID technology for the identiﬁcation of actionableprotein-protein interactions of the MYC family of onco-proteins. Joseph Longo, student of Dr. Penn, demon-strated how the statin family of cholesterol-loweringdrugs could be used to induce apoptosis in a speciﬁcsubset of high-risk multiple myeloma.Mads Daugaard (Vancouver Prostate Centre, Canada)showed that cisplatin-resistance in bladder cancer can bedissected via genome-wide CRISPR screening and tar-geted by VAR2-drug conjugates. Chris Kedong Wangshowed that cancer exosomes contain high levels ofchondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. Nastaran Khazamipourdiscussed the progress toward SPY CAR-T cell engi-neering for elimination of tumor cells, while Negin Farivarreported on engineering a plasmonic photothermal ther-apy to ‘zap’ tumor cells in the blood circulation using goldnanorods. Nader Al-Nakouzi spoke about the investiga-tion of hormone-dependent regulation of glycosami-noglycan signaling in prostate cancer.Ulrich Maurer (University of Freiburg, Germany)reported effects of SPATA2 knockout on immune cells inmice. His student, Laura Griewahn, elucidated the role ofSPATA2 in intestinal cells. Mads Gyrd-Hansen (Uni-versity of Oxford, UK) showed how SPATA2 facilitatesCYLD recruitment to TNFR. Thomas Brunner (Universityof Konstanz, Germany) showed that colorectal tumors cansynthesize and release immunosuppressive glucocorti-coids, suppressing the anti-tumor immune response.Michael Bergmann (Medical University of Vienna, Aus-tria) presented data indicating that radiotherapy polarizestumor-associated macrophages from the M2 towards anM1-like phenotype. Johannes Längle (Bergmann group)found an impact of proteins associated with DNAdamage, ER stress response, immunogenic cell death andstress granules on overall survival in liver metastases.Sebastian Carotta (Boehringer Ingelheim, Vienna) pre-sented the mechanism of the STING pathway in reg-ulating immune and cancer cell death. Molecularoncology work presented by Mahvash Tavassoli (King’sCollege, UK) focused on EGFR dynamics and radio-therapy response in head and neck cancer, and its pro-pagation by HPV infection. Anusha Venkatraman,Student of Christoph Borner, showcased a novel virally-encoded miRNA rendering cells resistant to genotoxicstress-induced apoptosis. Maria Sibilia (Medical Uni-versity of Vienna, Austria) indicated that targeting EGFRon non-cancerous cells in the tumor microenvironmentresults in reduced cancer development.Erwin Wagner (Medical University Vienna, Austria)showed how the dimeric transcription factor AP-1 plays arole in inﬂammatory skin disease such as psoriasis, atopicdermatitis, and inﬂammation-associated liver cancer. JohnSilke (WEHI, Australia) showcased mutations that pre-vent cleavage of RIPK1 by Caspase-8 induce inﬂammationin humans and mice.Rudolf Oehler and his student Vanessa Schimek(Medical University of Vienna, Austria) described theclearance of apoptotic cells by neutrophils and itspotential role in tissue regeneration. Lukas Kenner(Medical University of Vienna, Austria) talked about therole of PDGFRB in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Hisstudent, Tobias Suske, showed that a hotspot gain-of-function mutation in Stat5B occurs in patients withaggressive T cell neoplasia. Karin Nowikovsky (MedicalUniversity of Vienna, Austria) investigated the off-targeteffects of a fatty acid synthase inhibitor in a breast cancermouse model, identifying a novel synthetic lethality.Julijan Kabiljo, Bergmann group, showed that antibody-dependent phagocytosis induced by trastuzumab could beenhanced by HDAC inhibitors in ex vivo cultures. BalazsHegedus (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany)demonstrated how pleural effusions from patients withthoracic malignancies are a source of novel biomarkers toPogmore et al. Cell Death and Disease          (2019) 10:926 Page 2 of 3Ofﬁcial journal of the Cell Death Differentiation Associationyield new preclinical models to study development ofresistance against targeted therapies.AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank our sponsors in no particular order: Tel AvivUniversity, Medical University of Vienna, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cell Deathand Differentiation, Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine(SGBM) Freiburg, Zymeworks Inc. Sponsorhip via registration fees: GerryMelino, Reuven Stein, Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski, Barak Rotblat, Silvia vonKarstedt, Mads Daugaard, Poul Sorensen. The authors would also like tothank Christoph Borner and David Andrews for their critical reading andediting of the report.Author details1Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5,Canada. 2Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S2J7, Canada. 3Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network,Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. 4Department of Medical Biophysics, Universityof Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7, Canada. 5Vancouver Prostate Centre,Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada. 6Department of Experimental Medicine,University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. 7MedicalResearch Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,UKCB2 1QP. 8Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty ofMedicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Stefan Meier Strasse 17, 79104Freiburg, Germany. 9Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg,Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. 10Spemann Graduate School ofBiology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Albertstrasse19a, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. 11Department of Translational Genomics,Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne,Germany. 12Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany. 13Department I of InternalMedicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne,GermanyConﬂict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conﬂict of interest.Publisher’s noteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims inpublished maps and institutional afﬁliations.Received: 16 November 2019 Accepted: 19 November 2019Pogmore et al. Cell Death and Disease          (2019) 10:926 Page 3 of 3Ofﬁcial journal of the Cell Death Differentiation Association

English

11th Tuscany Retreat on Cancer Research and Apoptosis: Genetic profiling, resistance mechanisms and novel treatment concepts in cancer and neurodegeneration.

Pogmore et al. Cell Death and Disease          (2019) 10:926 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-019-2166-0 Cell Death & DiseaseMEET ING REPORT Open Ac ce s s11th Tuscany Retreat on Cancer Research andApoptosis: Genetic profiling, resistancemechanisms and novel treatment concepts incancer and neurodegenerationJustin Pogmore1,2, Joseph Longo 3,4, Diana Resetca3,4, Negin Farivar5,6, Niall A. Buckley7, María G. Rincón8,9,10,Christina M. Bebber11,12,13, Anusha Venkatraman8,9,10 and James M. Pemberton1,4For the 11th time, an international assembly of scien-tists gathered in the medieval castle of Palazzo di Piero,near the town of Chiusi, Italy, to exchange ideas andpresent their research. The opening presentation wasgiven by Brent Derry (SickKids, Canada), who showedthat alternative polyadenylation regulates oncogenic Rasin both C. elegans and human cancer cells. His student,Matthew Eroglu, showcased that genes mstr-1 and mstr-2are essential for cells to make proper fate decisions. GuyTaichman, student of Oded Rechavi (Tel Aviv University,Israel), showed that stress causes a resetting of heritableRNAi in C. elegans.Ivano Amelio (University of Cambridge, UK) identifiedthat mutant p53 interacts with HIF1α and alters chro-matin accessibility/architecture. Emanuele Panatta of theMelino group generated a p73 C-terminal domain mutantmouse demonstrating that this region is necessary forproper neurological developmental. Niall Buckley, studentof Dr. Melino, showed that p73 has important function inthe development of epithelial cell cilia, while María Rin-cón, student of Christoph Borner, reported that lungepithelial cells treated with Gliotoxin and GSK-3 inhibi-tors display inhibited caspase-3 activation and high LDHrelease.Silvia von Karstedt (University of Cologne, Germany)showed that ferroptosis may represent a means ofselection in human cancers. Dr. von Karstedt’s studentsthen followed; Christina Bebber highlighted that respon-siveness to ferroptosis is dependent on ASCL-1. FabienneMüller showcased MEFs models harboring differentKRAS point mutations exhibit differential ferroptosissensitivities. Moreover, Laura Prieto-Clemente demon-strated a novel role of mitochondria in regulatingferroptosis.Revuen Stein (Tel Aviv University, Israel) proposed totarget CAFs in glioma by using an inhibitor of CD38. Hisstudents, Or Ganon and Kaveri Banerjee, presented datato suggest an unusual distribution of microglia andmacrophages in a mouse model of glioma. Barak Rotblat(Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel) presented hisresearch on newly identified cancer cell vulnerabilitiesunder glucose starvation. His student, Tal Levy, demon-strated that glioblastoma cells under glucose starvationhighly depend on 4EBP1, a repressor of proteintranslation.Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski (Tel Aviv University, Israel)and her student Rawan Bassal presented their research onthe role of autophagy in Alzheimer’s disease and neuro-degeneration. Other trainees in the Pinkas-Kramarskigroup (Hanan Abu Taha, Eya Wolfson, and AdvaKochavi) showcased their work on the ErbB family ofreceptors in cancer, with a focus on disrupting thecrosstalk between ErbB, Ras and Nucleolin with smallmolecule inhibitors.Hartmut Juhl (Indivumed, Germany), introduced theIndivutype platform, which combines genomic, tran-scriptomic, microRNA and proteomic datasets from high-quality cancer biospecimens. John Babcook (Zymeworks,© The Author(s) 2019OpenAccessThis article is licensedunder aCreativeCommonsAttribution 4.0 International License,whichpermits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproductionin any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate ifchangesweremade. The images or other third partymaterial in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to thematerial. Ifmaterial is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtainpermission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Correspondence: James M. Pemberton (james.pemberton@mail.utoronto.ca)1Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5,Canada2Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7,CanadaFull list of author information is available at the end of the article.Official journal of the Cell Death Differentiation Association1234567890():,;1234567890():,;1234567890():,;1234567890():,;Canada) introduced the novel Azymetric™ platform forthe development of IgG-like bispecific antibodies for thetargeting of synergistic drug targets.Gerry Melino (University of Cambridge, UK) showcasedthe dynamic modulation of expression of the ZNF281 zincfinger protein at the DNA damage site during genotoxicstress. Massimiliano Agostini (University of Tor Vergata,Italy) presented the role of the transcription factorZNF750 in terminal differentiation of the epidermis. Hisstudent, Consuelo Pitolli, presented on the role of thetranscription factor ZNF281 in neuroblastoma. LukasPeintner presented his work on the regulation of DNAdamage response in monogenic polycystic kidney disease,proving that loss of polycystin-1 severely impacts Bcl2family regulation and DNA repair.Anne Hamacher-Brady (Johns Hopkins University,USA) described that during BAX-mediated MOMP,mitochondria are targeted by endolysosomal vesicles, andthat these inter-organelle interactions are fundamental toBAX pore formation in cells. Liora Lindenboim demon-strated that Bax interacts with the nuclear cytoskeletonvia interaction with Nesprin proteins and the LINCcomplex. David Andrews (Sunnybrook Research Institute,Canada) explained how AI analysis of microscopy datacan be used to evaluate apoptosis and other cell responses,emphasizing potential utility in precision medicine. Hisstudent, Justin Pogmore, presented his work on pharma-cologically targeting Bax, while James Pemberton sug-gested that the mechanism of Puma could explain howneurons commit to either death or axon degeneration.Christoph Borner (University of Freiburg, Germany),showcased a novel interaction between Hexokinase-1and Puma.Linda Penn (University Health Network, Canada) andher student Diana Resetca presented the use of MYC-BioID technology for the identification of actionableprotein-protein interactions of the MYC family of onco-proteins. Joseph Longo, student of Dr. Penn, demon-strated how the statin family of cholesterol-loweringdrugs could be used to induce apoptosis in a specificsubset of high-risk multiple myeloma.Mads Daugaard (Vancouver Prostate Centre, Canada)showed that cisplatin-resistance in bladder cancer can bedissected via genome-wide CRISPR screening and tar-geted by VAR2-drug conjugates. Chris Kedong Wangshowed that cancer exosomes contain high levels ofchondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. Nastaran Khazamipourdiscussed the progress toward SPY CAR-T cell engi-neering for elimination of tumor cells, while Negin Farivarreported on engineering a plasmonic photothermal ther-apy to ‘zap’ tumor cells in the blood circulation using goldnanorods. Nader Al-Nakouzi spoke about the investiga-tion of hormone-dependent regulation of glycosami-noglycan signaling in prostate cancer.Ulrich Maurer (University of Freiburg, Germany)reported effects of SPATA2 knockout on immune cells inmice. His student, Laura Griewahn, elucidated the role ofSPATA2 in intestinal cells. Mads Gyrd-Hansen (Uni-versity of Oxford, UK) showed how SPATA2 facilitatesCYLD recruitment to TNFR. Thomas Brunner (Universityof Konstanz, Germany) showed that colorectal tumors cansynthesize and release immunosuppressive glucocorti-coids, suppressing the anti-tumor immune response.Michael Bergmann (Medical University of Vienna, Aus-tria) presented data indicating that radiotherapy polarizestumor-associated macrophages from the M2 towards anM1-like phenotype. Johannes Längle (Bergmann group)found an impact of proteins associated with DNAdamage, ER stress response, immunogenic cell death andstress granules on overall survival in liver metastases.Sebastian Carotta (Boehringer Ingelheim, Vienna) pre-sented the mechanism of the STING pathway in reg-ulating immune and cancer cell death. Molecularoncology work presented by Mahvash Tavassoli (King’sCollege, UK) focused on EGFR dynamics and radio-therapy response in head and neck cancer, and its pro-pagation by HPV infection. Anusha Venkatraman,Student of Christoph Borner, showcased a novel virally-encoded miRNA rendering cells resistant to genotoxicstress-induced apoptosis. Maria Sibilia (Medical Uni-versity of Vienna, Austria) indicated that targeting EGFRon non-cancerous cells in the tumor microenvironmentresults in reduced cancer development.Erwin Wagner (Medical University Vienna, Austria)showed how the dimeric transcription factor AP-1 plays arole in inflammatory skin disease such as psoriasis, atopicdermatitis, and inflammation-associated liver cancer. JohnSilke (WEHI, Australia) showcased mutations that pre-vent cleavage of RIPK1 by Caspase-8 induce inflammationin humans and mice.Rudolf Oehler and his student Vanessa Schimek(Medical University of Vienna, Austria) described theclearance of apoptotic cells by neutrophils and itspotential role in tissue regeneration. Lukas Kenner(Medical University of Vienna, Austria) talked about therole of PDGFRB in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Hisstudent, Tobias Suske, showed that a hotspot gain-of-function mutation in Stat5B occurs in patients withaggressive T cell neoplasia. Karin Nowikovsky (MedicalUniversity of Vienna, Austria) investigated the off-targeteffects of a fatty acid synthase inhibitor in a breast cancermouse model, identifying a novel synthetic lethality.Julijan Kabiljo, Bergmann group, showed that antibody-dependent phagocytosis induced by trastuzumab could beenhanced by HDAC inhibitors in ex vivo cultures. BalazsHegedus (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany)demonstrated how pleural effusions from patients withthoracic malignancies are a source of novel biomarkers toPogmore et al. Cell Death and Disease          (2019) 10:926 Page 2 of 3Official journal of the Cell Death Differentiation Associationyield new preclinical models to study development ofresistance against targeted therapies.AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank our sponsors in no particular order: Tel AvivUniversity, Medical University of Vienna, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cell Deathand Differentiation, Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine(SGBM) Freiburg, Zymeworks Inc. Sponsorhip via registration fees: GerryMelino, Reuven Stein, Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski, Barak Rotblat, Silvia vonKarstedt, Mads Daugaard, Poul Sorensen. The authors would also like tothank Christoph Borner and David Andrews for their critical reading andediting of the report.Author details1Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5,Canada. 2Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S2J7, Canada. 3Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network,Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. 4Department of Medical Biophysics, Universityof Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7, Canada. 5Vancouver Prostate Centre,Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada. 6Department of Experimental Medicine,University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. 7MedicalResearch Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,UKCB2 1QP. 8Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty ofMedicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Stefan Meier Strasse 17, 79104Freiburg, Germany. 9Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg,Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. 10Spemann Graduate School ofBiology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Albertstrasse19a, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. 11Department of Translational Genomics,Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne,Germany. 12Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany. 13Department I of InternalMedicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne,GermanyConflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.Publisher’s noteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims inpublished maps and institutional affiliations.Received: 16 November 2019 Accepted: 19 November 2019Pogmore et al. Cell Death and Disease          (2019) 10:926 Page 3 of 3Official journal of the Cell Death Differentiation Association

https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1810/314759/41419_2019_Article_2166.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y

11th Tuscany Retreat on Cancer Research and Apoptosis: Genetic profiling, resistance mechanisms and novel treatment concepts in cancer and neurodegeneration.

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Apollo (Cambridge)

Apollo (Cambridge)