Biljne sastavnice pripravaka za regulaciju tjelesne težine

Abstract

Cilj istraživanja Na tržištu se pojavljuje sve više biljnih pripravaka koji se koriste kao pomoć pri smanjenju tjelesne težine. Cilj rada je detaljan pregled i sistematizacija kliničkih studija u kojima je ispitan utjecaj biljnih pripravaka na tjelesnu težinu kako bi se stekao uvid u nedavna znanstvena saznanja vezana za njihovu učinkovitost i sigurnost primjene. Materijal / Ispitanici i metode Za potrebe pisanja specijalističkog rada pretražena je elektronička baza podataka „PubMed“. Pretragom su obuhvaćene kliničke studije koje su ispitivale biljne pripravke za mršavljenje. Odabrani su radovi čiji su predmet ispitivanja bili pripravci od biljnih vrsta Hoodia parviflora, H. gordonii, Garcinia cambogia, G. mangostana, Camellia sinensis, biljke roda Citrus sp., biljna vrsta Phaseolus vulgaris, Capsicum annuum te mješavine svih navedenih, ali i drugih, koje nisu bile ispitivane u zasebnim kliničkim ispitivanjima, već samo kao dio specifične mješavine. Rezultati Obrađena je ukupno 21 studija čija je glavna ispitivana sastavnica bio zeleni čaj, od kojih je 7 studija ispitivalo zeleni čaj u obliku osušenih listića, 9 ekstrakt zelenog čaja, a 5 njegovu aktivnu sastavnicu EGCG. Biljke roda Garcinia sp. čija je glavna sastavnica hidroksilimunska kiselina (HCA) ispitivane su u 3 studije. Biljni pripravci na bazi citrusa ispitivani su u 16 studija. One su se međusobno dosta razlikovale s obzirom na konkretni oblik ispitivanog pripravka. Tako su ispitivani grejp, slatka naranča, gorka naranča te komercijalno dostupni citrusni polifenolni pripravak. Uz navedene, ispitivani su i pripravci na bazi ekstrakta graha (4 studije), te paprike i/ili njene aktivne sastavnice (2 studije). U 10 studija uvrštenih u ovaj rad ispitivane su mješavine različitih biljnih vrsta, biljnih ekstrakata i njihovih aktivnih sastavnica. Zaključak Biljni pripravci za mršavljenje pokazali su značajno djelovanje, u čemu prednjače zeleni čaj i biljni pripravci na bazi citrusa, međutim potrebne su dodatne dobro dizajnirane studije koje određuju njihovu efikasnost, sigurnost i primjenu.Objectives There are more and more herbal preparations appearing on the market which are used as an aid for body weight loss. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed overview and systematization of clinical studies that examined the impact of herbal products on body weight in order to receive insight into recent scientific findings about their effectiveness and safety applications. Material / Patients and Methods For the purposes of this thesis, relevant electronic database „PubMed“ was searched. The search included clinical studies investigating the herbal preparations for weight loss. Selected literature has been conected to the papers that have been investigating preparations made of plant species Hoodia parviflora, H. Gordonii, Garcinia cambogia, G. mangostana, Camellia sinensis, Citrus species, and Phaseolus vulgaris, Capsicum annuum, as well as their mixtures and mixtures of other plant species for which seperate studies have not been made. Results A total of 56 clinical studies was included int his work. Thereof 21 clinical trial investigated green tea. Of those, 7 studies examined green tea in the form of dried leaves, 9 studies that examined green tea extract, and 5 studies that investigated its active component EGCG. Garcinia sp. speices whose active component is hydroxycitric acid (HCA) were examined in 3 studies in which the above mentioned active compound was investigated. Citrus herbal preparations were examined in 16 studies which were very different in terms of the investigated plant species or preparation. In those studies, grapefruit, sweet orange, bitter orange, polyphenolic citrus preparation and mixtures of the individual plant species with other substances such as vitamins, minerals and other were examined. Bean extracts were also included (4 studies found), as well as pepper and / or its active components (in 2 studies) and 10 studies that investigated mixtures of various plant species, plant extracts and their active components. Conclusion Herbal remedies for weight loss, especialy those containing green tea and citrus species showed a significant effect, however, additional well-designed studies are required to determine their effectiveness, safety and application