Modulation of conotoxin structure and function is achieved through a multienzyme complex in the venom glands of cone snails

Abstract

pre-printBackground: Conotoxins can be utilized to investigate enzyme-assisted folding of disulfide-rich peptides. Results: Various ER-resident cone snail enzymes act in concert to accelerate the oxidative folding of conotoxins and modulate their conformation by reconfiguring disulfide connectivities. Conclusion: The folding of conotoxins is a tightly regulated multienzyme-assisted process. Significance: Modulation of the conformation of conotoxins increases their molecular and functional diversity