Jacobsen, Niels

Ørgaard, Marian

English

Copenhagen University Research Information System

u n i ve r s i t y  o f  co pe n h ag e n  Københavns UniversitetCrocus - Evolution and domesticationØrgaard, Marian; Jacobsen, NielsPublished in:Xth Symposium of the International Organisation of Plant BiosystematistsPublication date:2008Document versionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordCitation for published version (APA):Ørgaard, M., & Jacobsen, N. (2008). Crocus - Evolution and domestication. In Xth Symposium of theInternational Organisation of Plant Biosystematists (pp. 17)Download date: 02. Feb. 2020 Xth Symposium of the International Organization of Plant Biosystematists   2 – 4 July 2008 Vysoké Tatry, Slovakia      CONTENS    Oral presentations  2Phylogeography  2Biogeography  8Evolutionary processes in European mountain ranges  14Polyploidy  22Molecular approaches in plant evolution  33Ecological factors in plant evolution  38Evolutionary processes in extra-european mountains  42Role of apomixis in plant evolution  47  Poster presentations  51             1O 16  Crocus - Evolution and domestication  Marian Ørgaard & Niels Jacobsen   Department of Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C (Copenhagen), Denmark  Crocus belongs to the family Iridaceae and includes more than 80 species. The genus is mainly found in the northern Mediterranean region, especially towards the Middle East. Crocus exhibits a large inter- and intraspecific variation regarding morphology, cytogenetics and molecular composition. The chromosome numbers vary from 2n = 6 to 2n = 64 and this variation is also to be found intraspecifically, e.g. at the subspecies and even population level. Crocus vernus s.l. has a wide distribution from Spain to easternmost Europe with reported chromosome numbers varying from 2n = 8 to more than 20. Crocus biflorus s.l. represents the one species with the most variation encountered. Chromosome numbers range from 2n = 8 to 28 and vary at the subspecies and population level. These cyto-/ecotypes are often confined geographically to mountain peaks and ranges. Natural hybridization between populations and species occurs and give rise to new genotypes and eventually new species. Variation in chromosome numbers can be explained by the “Triploid Pathway”. Expression of diversity can be speeded up when plants from different geographical areas are taken into cultivation and allowed to hybridize through open pollination. This has resulted in more than 200 Crocus cultivars altogether. The diversity is registered in morphological appearance, DNA polymorphism (e.g. results from RFLP, AFLP, in situ hybridization, DNA sequencing), chromosome number and crossability.            17

<em>Crocus </em>- Evolution and domestication

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