Curtis, Paul D.

Hutton, Thomas

Kulvesky, William P., Jr.

Leopold, Bruce D.

Roseberry, John L.

English

University of Tennessee, Knoxville: Trace

National Quail Symposium Proceedings Volume 3 Article 29 1993 Appendix A: Population Dynamics and Effects of Hunting William P. Kulvesky Jr. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Bruce D. Leopold Mississippi State University Paul D. Curtis Department of Natural Resources John L. Roseberry Southern Illinois University Thomas Hutton Missouri Department of Conservation Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/nqsp Recommended Citation Kulvesky, William P. Jr.; Leopold, Bruce D.; Curtis, Paul D.; Roseberry, John L.; and Hutton, Thomas (1993) "Appendix A: Population Dynamics and Effects of Hunting," National Quail Symposium Proceedings: Vol. 3 , Article 29. Available at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/nqsp/vol3/iss1/29 This Appendix is brought to you for free and open access by Volunteer, Open Access, Library Journals (VOL Journals), published in partnership with The University of Tennessee (UT) University Libraries. This article has been accepted for inclusion in National Quail Symposium Proceedings by an authorized editor. For more information, please visit https://trace.tennessee.edu/nqsp. 180 Quail III POPULATION DYNAMICS AND EFFECTS OF HUNTING WILLIAM P. KUVLESKY JR., 1 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd. Vicksburg, MS 39180-6199 1 BRUCE D. LEOPOLD, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Mississippi State University, MS 39762 PAUL D. CURTIS, Department of Natural Resources, 109 Fernow Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-3001 JOHN L. ROSEBERRY, Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory, Southern Illinois University, Car-bondale, IL 62901-6504 THOMAS HUTTON, Missouri Department of Conservation, PO Box 180, Jefferson City, MO 65102-0180. Citation: Kuvlesky, W. P. Jr., B. D. Leopold, P. D. Curtis, J. L. Roseberry and T. Hutton. 1993. Strategic plan for quail management and research in the United States: issues and strategies-Population dynamics and effects of hunting. Pages 180-181 in K. E. Church and T. V. Dailey, eds. Quail III: national quail symposium. Kansas Dep. Wildl. and Parks, Pratt. Despite nearly 70 years of research on quail in North America, we have only a meager under-standing of the mechanisms that regulate abun-dance and productivity of quail populations. Many state agencies and private landowners con-tinue to use guidelines developed by Stoddard (1931) and Rosene (1969). However, many of these recommendations were developed during an era when land-use practices in agriculture and forestry were drastically different from what they are today. The workshop group on Hunting and Popula-tion Dynamics reached a consensus that 4 broad areas need to be addressed: (1) standardization of census and population monitoring methods, (2) issues related to maintaining a sustainable har-vest of wild quail through hunting, (3) assessment of population response to management actions and fragmentation, and ( 4) adoption of a proactive philosophy for quail population and habitat management on both public and private lands. Additionally, some issues related to releases of pen-raised quail have a bearing on this workshop session. Issue 5.1 STANDARDIZATION OF CENSUS AND MONITORING METHODS Despite the use of broad-scale data bases, standardization of analytical and assessment 1Present address: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, PO Box 109, Sasabe, AZ 85663. techniques to assess annual census and harvest data on a state-by-state basis do not exist and may confound comparisons of trends. Strategies 5.1.1-Develop a cooperative, broad-scale quail population monitoring program that assesses quail population trends from state and federal agency data bases and is readily accessible by all interested parties. 5.1. 2-Enlist support of constituency groups to distribute information and publications on status reports for local, regional, and national quail population trends. Issue 5.2 HUNTING AND HARVEST OF QUAIL We do not have a quantitative assessment of whether quail hunting results in compensatory or additive mortality in habitats dominated by present-day land-use regimes or whether distur-bance of quail from hunting-related activities have negative, indirect effects on populations. Strategies 5.2.1--Conduct research that identifies threshold densities and hunting pressures for ad-ditive mortality and indirect effects of hunting. 5.2.2-Encourage state wildlife agencies to be creative in their approaches to season length and bag limits. 1Kulvesky et al.: Appendix A: Population Dynamics and Effects of HuntingAppendix A. Strategic Planning Workshop Issue 5.3 EFFECTS OF FRAGMENTATION ON QUAIL POPULATIONS Effects of habitat fragmentation need to be as-sessed at the landscape level because widespread changes in agricultural and forestry land-use practices have had broad impacts on quail habitat quality. Strategies 5. 3.1-Coordinate research efforts with manage-ment actions (supported by constituency groups) to take advantage of manipulations in an ex-perimental context, and monitor population trends in areas of differing habitat quality. 5.3.2-Standardize analytical techniques on a statewide or regional basis before implementa-tion. 5.3.3-Perform research to assess interactions between habitat fragmentation and population isolation in the context of population genetics, population response to local management actions, intensity of harvest, and weather-related extirpa-tion. Issue 5.4 TRANSLOCATION OF WILD QUAIL Translocation of wild quail may be a viable management action for restoration of local populations in areas where habitat improvement has been attempted, but population response is 181 limited. State wildlife agencies often receive tremendous amounts of political pressure to be-come involved in releases of pen-raised quail. Strategies 5.4.1-Perform controlled experiments to test the impact of translocating wild quail on restoring native populations. 5.4.2-Educate the public about the futility of using pen-raised quail as a mechanism for population restoration. Issue 5.5 PROACTIVE PHILOSOPHY OF POPULATION AND HABITAT MANAGEMENT Current perceived public apathy about quail resources may in reality be ignorance or frustra-tion resulting from inadequate agency public in-formation programs. Additionally, biologists often disagree among themselves with regard to specific management strategies. Strategies 5.5.1-Reach a consensus on specific agency re-search goals and take a unified position on issues when dealing with the public. 5.5.2-Initiate programs that permit local con-stituency groups to adopt specific management projects on public areas. 5.5.3--Seek opportunities to make presenta-tions on quail management. 2National Quail Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 3 [1993], Art. 29182 Quail III LITERATURE CITED American Ornithologists' Union. 1983. Check-list of North American birds. 6th ed. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, DC. 887pp. Arbib, R. S. 1981. The Christmas bird count: constructing an "ideal model." Stud. Avian Biol. 6:30-33. Brennan, L. A 1990. What happened to the moun-tain quail in Idaho? Quail Unlim. Mag. 9:42-43, 69. __ . 1991. How can we reverse the northern bobwhite population decline? Wildl. Soc. Bull. 19:544-555. and W. M. Block. 1986. Line transect es-timates of mountain quail density. J. Wildl. Manage. 50:373-377. __ , W. M. Block and R. J. Gutierrez. 1987. Habitat use by mountain quail in northern California. Condor 89:66- 7 4. Brown, D. E. 1989. Ariwna game birds. Univ. Ariz. Press and Ariz. Game and Fish Dep. 307pp. Campbell, H., D. K. Martin, P. E. Ferkovich and B. K. Harris. 1973. Effects of hunting and some other environmental factors on scaled quail in New Mexico. Wildl. Monogr. 34:1-49. Droege, S. and J. R. Sauer. 1990. Northern bobwhite, gray partridge, and ring-necked pheasant population trends (1966-1988) from the North American breeding bird survey. Pages 2-30 in K. E. Church, R. E. Warner and S. J. Brady, eds., Perdix V: gray partridge and ring-necked pheasant workshop, Kans. Dep. Wildl. and Parks, Emporia. Goodstein, L. D., T. M. Nolan and J. W. Pfeiffer. 1992. Applied strategic planning: a comprehen-sive guide. Pheiffer and Co. 379pp. Gutierrez, R. J. 1980. Comparative ecology of mountain and California quails in the Carmel Valley, California. Living Bird 18:71-93. Johnsgard, P. A 1988. The quails, partridges, and francolins of the world. Oxford Univ. Press, UK. 264pp. Johnson, A S. 1983. The quail problem, research, and the International Quail Foundation. Covey Rise 2: 1. Kilbride, K. M., J. A Crawford and B. A Williams. 1992. Response of female California quail (Cal-lipepla californica) to methyl parathion treat-ment of their home ranges during the nesting period. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11:1337-1343. Landers, J. L., L. P. Simoneaux and D. C. Sisson, eds. 1991. The effects of released, pen-raised bobwhites on wild populations. Tall Timbers Res. and Southeast Coop. Wildl. Dis. Stud. 36pp. Leopold, A S. 1977. The California quail. Univ. Calif. Press, Berkeley. 281pp. __ , R. J. Gutierrez and M. T. Bronson. 1981. North American game birds and mammals. Charles Scribner's and Sons, New York. 198pp. __ and R. A McCabe. 1957. Natural history of the Montezuma quail in Mexico. Condor 59:3-26. Miller, L. 1943. Notes on the Mearn's quail. Con-dor 45: 104-109. Potts, G. R. 1986. The partridge: pesticides, predation, and conservation. Collins, London, UK. 274pp. Roseberry, J. L. and W. D. Klimstra. 1984. Population ecology of the bobwhite. Southern Ill. Univ. Press, Carbondale. 259pp. Rosene, W. 1969. The bobwhite quail: its life and management. Rutgers Univ. Press, New Brunswick, NJ. 418pp. Sanderson, G. C., ed. 1977. Management of migratory shore and upland game birds in North America. Intl. Assoc. Fish Wildl. Agen-cies. 358pp. Sands, A and D. Smurthwaite. 1992. Upland game bird habitat management on the rise. USDI Bur. Land Manage., Rep. BLM-ID-PT-92-007-4351, Nat. Tech. Info. Serv. 37pp. Schemnitz, S. D. 1961. Ecology of the scaled quail in the Oklahoma panhandle. Wildl. Monogr. 8:1-47. Scott, T. G. 1985. The bobwhite thesaurus. Intl. Quail Found., Edgefield, SC. 306pp. Sotherton, N. W., P. A Robertson and S. D. Dowell. 1993. Manipulating pesticide use to in-crease the production of wild game birds in Britain. Pages 92-101 in K. E. Church and T. V. Dailey, eds., Quail III: national quail sym-posium. Kansas Dep. Wildl. and Parks, Pratt. Stephens, C. E., ed. 1990. Current federal aid research report: wildlife. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Div. Fed. Aid, Washington, DC. Stoddard, H. L. 1931. The bobwhite quail: its habits, preservation and increase. Charles Scribner's and Sons, New York. 559pp. Stromberg, M. R. 1990. Habitat, movements, and roost characteristics of Montezuma quail in southeastern Arizona. Condor 92:229-236. USDA Forest Service. 1991. An analysis of Forest Service FY 1992 opportunities in wildlife, fisheries, and endangered species management. For. Serv., Washington, DC. Wallmo, 0. C. 1954. Nesting of Mearn's quail in southeastern Arizona. Condor 56: 125-128. White, D. H., J. T. Seginak and R. C. Simpson. 1990. Survival of northern bobwhites in Geor-gia: cropland use and pesticides. Bull. Contam. Toxicol. 44:73-80. 3Kulvesky et al.: Appendix A: Population Dynamics and Effects of Hunting

Appendix A: Population Dynamics and Effects of Hunting

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