Trade, merchant capital, industrial capital, and blocked capitalist development in early state economies

Abstract

Trade, for many archaeologists, is the means a society employs to maintain or extend its relations and linkages with the outside world. They also see trade as a motor of social and political-economic development leading to and culminating in the rise of civilization and the formation of states. However, by focusing on the distribution of raw materials and artifacts, they typically assume the nature of trade rather than specifying the social relations that underlie the circulation of goods. Furthermore, they rarely treat the analytical category itself as problematicTrade, for many archaeologists, is the means a society employs to maintain or extend its relations and linkages with the outside world. They also see trade as a motor of social and political-economic leading to and culminating in the rise of civilization and the formation of states. However, by focusing on the distribution of raw materials and artifacts, they typically assume the nature of trade rather than specifying the social relations that underlie the circulation of goods. Furthermore, they rarely treat the analytical category itself as problematicTrade, for many archaeologists, is the  a society employs to maintain or  its relations and linkages with  outside world. They also see trade as  motor of social and political-economic  leading to and culminating  the rise of civilization and the   states. , by focusing on  distribution of raw materials and,  typically the nature of trade rather than the social  that underlie the circulation of ., they rarely treat category itself as problematic

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